circulation & repiration- year 10 cat2

• some examples of lung diseases are-

  ~asthma

  ~pneumothorax

  ~pneumonia

  ~COPD

  ~lung cancer

  ~bronchitis
• limewater tests for carbon dioxide.

  it starts colourless and turns cloudy/milky when carbon dioxide is bubbled through it
• the word equation for respiration is

  Glucose+Oxygen=Energy+Carbon dioxide+water
• respiration is the process that releases energy from food
• oxygen is needed to release energy from glucose in the body
• carbon dioxide is a by-product of respiration
• water is made when energy is released from food
• energy is needed to do anything
• alveoli are good at their jobs because of their large surface area, thin walls and moist lining and good blood supply
• the trachea is a tube that connects the throat to the lungs
• the diaphragm contracts and relaxes to help us breath in and out
• the ribs move up when we breathe in
• red blood (left)is oxygenated

  blue blood (right)is deoxygenated
• coronary heart disease-

  • plaque builds up in the artery
  • artery becomes blocked
  • no oxygen reaches the muscles/heart
  • muscle dies
• causes of coronary heart disease-

  • obesity
  • low excercise
  • chippies
  • too much salt
• plasma is the yellow fluid that transports the components of blood and C02 around the body.
• platelets clot wounds
• red blood cells carry oxygen around the body
• white blood cells (immune cells) fight infection
• valves are needed in the circulatory system to keep blood flowing in the correct direction
• the left side of the heart is is bigger because it pumps blood everywhere in the body
• the route of blood around the body-