Electricity

• The voltage across each component in a series circuit is the sum of the individual voltage drops across each component.
• Voltage drop- The change of voltage in different parts of a circuit.
• The electromagnetic force is the interaction between charged particles.
• A potential difference (PD) or voltage is measured by using a voltmeter.
• Current is the rate at which charge flows through a conductor, measured in amperes (A).
• Electric current is the flow of electric charges from one place to another.
• An ammeter measures the amount of current flowing through it.
• Electric current can be calculated using Ohms Law formula: Current = Voltage / Resistance.
• Opposite-charged particles attract, if two charged particles have the same charge, they do not attract. For example, a positive and positive will not attract.
• When an object has more electrons than protons, it becomes negatively charged. When an object has fewer electrons than protons, it becomes positively charged.
• Like-charged particles repel, if two charged particles are both negative or both positive, they will repel. For example, a positive and negative will repel.
• The unit of electrical charge is coulombs (C) or ampere seconds (As)
• Conductors allow electricity to pass easily through them while insulators don't let any electricity pass through them.
• Insulators prevent electricity from passing through them.
• A conductor allows electricity to pass easily through it.
• Electric circuits can be open or closed.
• An electric current is the movement of electrons around a circuit.
• Metals like copper, aluminium and silver are good conductors because their atoms contain many delocalised electrons that can carry an electric charge around the metal lattice
• Electric current is the flow of electric charges around a circuit
• Current flows from high potential difference to low potential difference
• Potential difference is measured in volts (V). The higher the voltage, the greater the potential difference between two points.
• Electrical conductivity is measured by resistance.
• Resistance is the measure of how difficult it is for electric current to flow through a component.
• Static electricity is an imbalance of charge that occurs when electrons move in an insulator. For example, a shock is what happens when you have a buildup of charge and touch a conductor. This is because of the negative charges moving out of your body to make it neutral again.
• In series circuits, components are joined end-to-end so there's only one pathway for the current to follow. In parallel circuits, components are joined side-by-side so there are multiple paths for the current to take.
• A fuse is used as a safety device to protect electrical appliances against overloading or short circuiting.
• An ammeter measures the amount of current flowing through a circuit.
• The symbol for a resistor is a zigzag line.
• A voltmeter measures potential difference across two points in a circuit.
• Electric current is the flow of electric charge. It flows from positive to negative
• Voltage (V) = Current (I) x Resistance (R)
• Current (I) = Voltage (V) / Resistance (R)
• Resistance (R) = Voltage (V) / Current (I)
• The symbol for resistance is R, measured in ohms (Ω).
• Series circuits are where components are connected end-to-end with no branches or junctions.
• Resistance is how much electricity a circuit does not allow through. It is measured in ohms.
• Conductance is how much electricity a circuit allows through.
• Voltage is also the potential energy.
• The more resistors that there is in a series circuit makes the lightbulbs dimmer. Once any of the resistors are removed, the bulbs get brighter because of the lower voltage drop. In a parallel circuit, all the branches have an equal voltage, which makes all the bulbs be the same amount of brightness.
• If you add up the amount of energy used by each bulb, the result is EQUAL TO the energy used by the entire circuit.