Plasma Membrane

• The plasma membrane consists of two layers of phospholipids with embedded proteins.
• It separates the inside of the cell from its surroundings, allowing it to maintain homeostasis.
• The plasma membrane is the outermost layer that surrounds all cells.
• Phospholipid molecules have hydrophilic heads that face the outside, while their hydrophobic tails are on the inside.
• Protein molecules can be found within or attached to the lipid bilayer.
• Label the cell membrane

  A:phospholipid bilayer B:carbohydrate chain C:glycoprotein D:glycolipid E:cholesterol F:integral Protien G:peripheral Protien

  
• Integral proteins are transmembrane proteins that span across both layers of the membrane.
• Cholesterol helps stabilize the structure of the membrane by reducing fluidity.
• Peripheral proteins attach themselves to either side of the membrane but do not cross through it.
• Glycoproteins are integral proteins with carbohydrate chains attached to them.
• Carrier proteins transport substances into and out of the cell.
• Glycosylated proteins contain carbohydrates covalently bonded to them.
• The plasma membrane is selectively permeable, allowing certain substances to pass through while preventing others from doing so.
• Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration until equilibrium is reached.