WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE

• David Wechsler's philosophy on intelligence is defined as "the global capacity to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with one's environment"
• The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS) measure the cognitive ability of individuals aged 16.11 to 90 years old
• The original WAIS (Form I) was published in February 1955 and is the most widely used IQ test for adults and older adolescents worldwide
• The Wechsler-Bellevue gathered tasks created for nonclinical purposes for administration as a "clinical test battery" and used the point scale concept instead of the age scale
• The Wechsler-Bellevue included a Non-Verbal Performance Scale to measure nonverbal intelligence, overcoming biases caused by language, culture, and education
• The WAIS-R in 1981 consisted of six verbal and five performance subtests, providing Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full Scale IQ scores
• The WAIS-III in 1997 provided scores for Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, Full Scale IQ, and Four Secondary Indices: Verbal Comprehension, Working Memory, Perceptual Organization, and Processing Speed
• The WAIS-IV in 2008 had 10 core subtests for Full Scale IQ and 5 supplemental subtests, replacing verbal/performance subscales with Index Scores like the General Ability Index (GAI)
• The Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) is a short form for estimating intellectual functioning
• The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is designed for children aged 6 to 16 years old to measure cognitive ability
• The WISC-V in 2014 included a total of 21 subtests and yielded 15 composite scores for a more in-depth analysis of cognitive abilities in children
• WISC-III scores for four factors: Verbal Comprehension , working memory, Perceptual organization, Processing Speed
• In scoring the WISC-III, raw scores for subtests are converted into scaled scores
• Subtest scores are added together to produce overall verbal, performance, and full-scale scores
• WISC-III scores are converted to verbal, performance, and full-scale IQ scores using norm tables
• Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised as a Neuropsychological Instrument (WAIS-R NI) is used by rehabilitation psychologists and neuropsychologists to assess brain function after injury