chem quiz 1 (30 items)

• Triple point is where all three distinct phases of matter (solid, liquid, gas) coexist
• The triple point of water is at 273.16 K
• In a crystalline solid state, the structure is made up of repeating units that form a crystal
• The crystal contains an ordered array of points describing particle arrangement, known as a lattice
• A carefully placed small needle can float on the water's surface even though it is denser due to surface tension
• Attraction that results when a polar molecule induces a dipole in an atom or a nonpolar molecule by disturbing the arrangement of electrons is called dipole-dipole attraction or London dispersion force
• Permanent dipole-dipole attraction or london dispersion force occurs when a partially positively charged part of a molecule interacts with the partially negatively charged part of the neighboring molecule
• Amorphous solids are any solid in which the atoms and molecules are not organized in a definite pattern
• Pure ethyl alcohol has a lower boiling point than water, indicating that water holds strong intermolecular forces than alcohol
• A hydrogen bond forms in Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Fluorine due to high values of electronegativity
• Hydrogen bond is the strongest intermolecular force (IMF)
• The stronger the IMF's of the substance, the higher the boiling point will be
• Ion-dipole attraction is present in table salt (NaCl) dissolved in water
• Covalent bond is the intramolecular force present when two chlorine atoms bond together by sharing their valence electrons
• Induced dipole-dipole attraction or London dispersion force is the type of intermolecular force present in the reaction of hydrogen chloride (HCl) with Argon (Ar)
• Viscosity is defined as the resistance of the liquid to flow, indicating that more viscous liquid holds stronger intermolecular force
• Sodium loses an electron and chlorine gains an electron to form a Sodium Chloride compound
• Oxygen and Hydrogen atoms can form a covalent molecule, while Potassium and Chlorine can form an Ionic Compound
• Water is less viscous than Alaska condensed milk
• Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule
• Evaporation is an example of an endothermic reaction in which water absorbs heat from the surroundings to turn into gas
• When an atom loses or gains one or more electrons, it becomes an ion
• The unit cell is the smallest part of a crystal that, repeated regularly through translation in three dimensions, creates the whole crystal
• Partial charge holds within two polar molecules when electrons are unequally shared between the two bonded atoms
• Critical point is the point in temperature and pressure on a phase diagram where the liquid and gaseous phases of a substance merge together into a single phase
• Intermolecular forces are weaker than intramolecular forces
• Mercury is the only metal element to exist as liquid at standard temperature and pressure. It has the chemical symbol Hg and came from a Greek word meaning water and silver. What is this Greek word hydrargyrum