Plants Have Organs

• 5 Levels of Organization

  1. Cells
  2. Tissues
  3. Organs
  4. Organ Systems
  5. Organization
• Unicellular composed of a single cell
• Multicellular more than one cell
• Plant Tissues Composes of different types of cells, which have different functions.
• Permanent Tissue Refers to the plant tissues that have lost their power to cell division and were fully grown from their preliminary stages.
• Parenchyma cells are the least specialized type of plant cell and the most abundant in plants.
• Collenchyma cells are elongated and provide support to growing plant organs, like leaves.
• Sclerenchyma cells are thick as their cell walls contain lignin, a rigid polysaccharide.
• Xylem is the tissue that transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves.
• Phloem is the tissue that transports the sugars produced in photosynthesis.
• Meristematic Tissue In plants are the primary diving tissue. They are responsible for the growth and development of new parts in the plants.
• Apical Meristems Are found in the tip of the stem or roots that allow these organs to grow longer.
• Lateral Meristems Are found on the nodes of stems and are involved in the formation of branches
• Surface or dermal tissues cover and protect the surface of the different plant organs.
• Epidermist is covered with a layer of cuticle that is made up of a substance called cutin.
• Cutin – Is a waxy substance that prevents water loss.
• Stomata are composed of a pair of specialized epidermal cells referred to as guard cells
• Primary growth - Is the result of cell division in the shoot apical meristem, the increase in length of the shoot and the root
• Secondary growth is characterized by an increase in thickness or girth of the plant.
• Shoot System – composed of the stem, the leaves, and the flowers.
• Roots System – consists of the roots alone
• Leaves Are the chief organs of plants for photosynthesis.
• Stem Is an above ground structure that supports the leaves, transports water and important nutrients between roots and leaves, and produces new tissue for growth.
• Roots Enable a plant to anchor itself in the soil while absorbing water and minerals (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other inorganic molecules) to the rest of the body.