Samba

• What genre is this song?

  Bossa nova
• What is the meaning of bossa nova?

  New trend
• What elements does this style consist of?

  Brazilian samba and jazz
• What language are the lyrics in?

  Portuguese
• What performing forces were used?

  Female voice

  Acoustic guitar

  Acoustic bass guitar
• What is the register used in the vocal line?

  Chest register
• How are the words set?

  Syllabically
• What does syllabic mean?

  One note per syllable
• What performance techniques are used?

  Rubato
•  What virtuosic bass solo use?

  Double stops

  Wide leaps

  Rapid semiquavers

  Mordent
• What is the key?

  B minor
• Does this piece modulate?

  No
• What is the texture of the introduction?

  Monophonic
• What is the texture mostly?

  Homophonic
• What is the texture in the voice and bass duet (bar 89-104)?

  Polyphonic
• What are the harmonies?

  Tonal
• What is the movements of verse 2?

  Conjunct
• What types of chords are used?

  Diminished

  Flattened

  Chord extensions

  Chromatic
• What is the tempo in the first 3 bars?

  Free tempo which returns at bar 114
• What is the metre of this piece?

  4/4
• What rhythm is in this?

  Triplets

  Rests
• What rhythm does the bass part use in verse 1?

  Syncopated
• What happens to the voice in the first verse?

  Low tessitura
• What style is Samba em Preludio?

  A bossa nova fusion of American jazz and Brazilian samba.
• Bossa nova


  New trend
• Written in 1962
• What language are the lyrics in?


  Portuguese.
• There is also clear flamenco
• Dynamics


  The piece is mostly soft throughout, with occasional crescendos and dimuendos.
• Time signature 


  4/4

  Tempo changes make it feel like 2/2.

  Bar 113 = 6/4

  Bar 2 = 5/4.
• Rhythm 


  Syncopation, triplets, and rests
• The piece incorporates cross rhythms.
• Verse 1 is performed very slowly, with a lot of rubato.
• The tempo almost doubles at bar 19, transitioning to a bossa nova tempo.
• Structure 


  Intro

  Verse 1

  Link

  Verse 2

  Guitar Solo

  Voice and Bass Duet

  Coda
• Melody 


  There are two main melodies, A and B, which are then combined.

  These are 8-bar repeated ideas, with a developed ending.
• Phrases linked with a rising arpeggio shape. Phrases descend in a long downward sequence.
• The melody mainly moves in leaps of a 3rd and a 7th
• Melody A 


  4 to 22.

  Bars 12-17 repeat 4-9 with rhythmic changes

  Bar 18 uses jazzy flattened 5th to descend the tonic
• Melody B

  23 to 54.

  Almost entirely conjunct

  It repeats 16 bar idea with different ending