CONCEPTS OF ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

• ANTHROPOLOGY - A study of humanity; establishes relevant knowledge from social, physical, and biological sciences; anthropologists looking for "cultural universal" patterns similarly when in array of differences.
• FOUR FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY: SOCIAL/CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY
• SOCIAL/CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY - Refers to the study of living people and their cultures including variation and change.; deals with description and analysis of the terms and styles of social life of past and present ages; cultural anthropologists also study of art, religion, migration, marriage, and family.
• ARCHAEOLOGY - Study of past human cultures through their material remains; study of past human cultures through the recovery and analysis of artifacts.
• LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY - Study of communication, mainly among humans; the study of communication's origins, history, and contemporary variation
• BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY - Known as PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY; the study of humans as BIOLOGICAL ORGANISMS, including their revolution and contemporary variation
• SOCIOLOGY - is a science which studies human civilization; a systematic study of groups and societies that people build and how these affect their behavior; focuses on various social connections, institutions, organizations, structures and processes;derived from the LATIN word SOCIUS, meaning "ASSOCIATE", and the greek word logos, means "STUDY OF KNOWLEGDE"
• AREAS OF SOCIOLOGY: SOCIAL ORGANIZATION, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED SOCIOLOGY, POPULATION STUDIES, HUMAN ECOLOGY, SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY AND RESEARCH, SOCIAL CHANGE
• SOCIAL ORGANIZATION - The study of social institutions, social inequality, social mobility, religious groups and bureaucracy
• SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY - Focuses on the study of human nature; its emphasis on social processes as they affect individual or responses which are called "social stimuli"
• APPLIED SOCIOLOGY - Is concerned with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations; to assist in resolving social problems through the use of SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH.
• POPULATION STUDIES - Includes size, growth, demographic characteristics, composition, migration, changes and quality vis-a-vis economic, political, and social systems
• HUMAN ECOLOGY - The study of the effects of various social organizations to the population's behavior
• SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY AND RESEARCH - Focuses on the discovery of theoretical tools, methods and techniques to SCIENTIFICALLY EXPLAIN a particularly sociological issue.
• SOCIAL CHANGE - It studies factors that cause social organization and social disorganization
• POLITICAL SCIENCE - Refers to the art and science of governing city/state; it was originated from the greek word 'POLIS', which means city or state; it is the social process or strategy, in any position of control which people gain, use or lose power; the study of the COMPLEX BEHAVIOR of various political actors such as the government administration, opposition, and subjects; it is also the systematic study of political and government institutions and processes.
• GOVERNMENT - The organized agency in a state tasked to impose social control; a group of people that governs a community or unit; it sets and administers public policy and exercises executive, political and sovereign power through customs, institutions, and laws within a state
• NATION - Refers to an ethnic concept; it means that people are bound together by common ethnical elements such as race, language and culture
• STATE - Is more of a political concept; refers to a community of persons, more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience, and enjoying freedom, from external control.
• AUGUST COMTE


  The Father of Sociology