quantitative and qualitative

• is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal relationships, and generalize results to wider populations.

  Quantitative research
• Common quantitative methods

  include

  experiments,

  observations recorded as

  numbers, and surveys with

  closed-ended questions.
• Quantitative research is widely used

  in the natural and social

  sciences: biology, chemistry,

  psychology, economics,

  sociology, marketing, etc.
• is

  expressed in words. It is used to

  understand concepts, thoughts

  or experiences. This type of

  research enables you to gather

  in-depth insights on topics that

  are not well understood.

  Qualitative research
• When planning your methods, there are two key decisions you will make.

  First, decide how you will collect data.

  Second, decide how you will analyze the data.
• is a systematic process of

  gathering observations or measurements.

  Whether you are performing research for

  business, governmental or academic purposes,

  data collection allows you to gain first-hand

  knowledge and original insights into your

  research problem.

  Data collection
• Quantitative data collection methods

  Surveys

  Experiments

  Observations
• List of closed or multiple choice questions that is distributed to a sample (online, in person, or over the phone).

  Surveys
• Situation in which different types of variables are controlled and manipulated to establish cause and effect relationships

  Experiments
• Observing subjects in a natural environment where variables cant be controlled.

  Observations
• Qualitative data collection methods

  Interviews

  Focus groups

  Ethnography

  Literature review
• Asking open-ended questions verbally to respondents.

  Interviews
• Discussion among a group of people about a topic to gather opinions that can be used for further research.

  Focus groups
• Participating in a community or organization for an extended period of time to closely observe culture and behavior.

  Ethnography
• Survey of published works by other authors.

  Literature review
• Use quantitative research if you want to confirm or test something (a theory or hypothesis)
• Use qualitative research if you want to understand something (concepts, thoughts, experiences)