evaluation

• a strength of matched pairs

  -order effects will not observed as ppts only take part in one condition
• another strength of matched pairs

  -The tailored participant-matching process reduces the risk of participant variables (individual differences) from affecting results between conditions
• a weakness of matched pairs

  -Different participants need to be recruited for each condition, which can be difficult and expensive.
• another weakness of matched pairs design

  -Matching is a more complex process, and it will always be very difficult to match participants identically.
• a strength of repeated measures is

  -As the same participants are used [at least] twice, extra participants do not need to be recruited
• a strength of repeated measures design

  -Data collection will be less time-consuming if all conditions of the experiment can be conducted simultaneously
• a weakness of repeated measures design

  -There is risk of observing order effects (e.g. practice / fatigue effects, or demand characteristics), but this risk be reduced by counterbalancing
• a weakness of repeated measures is

  -If a participant drops out, data will be lost from all conditions of the experiment rather than one.
• a strength of independent groups is that

  -Order effects will not be observed as participants only take part in one condition
• Another strength of independent groups design is that

  -Reduces Demand Characteristics-Participants are less likely to guess the aim of the study since they only experience one condition.

  -This lowers the risk of altered behavior due to social desirability or participant expectations, enhancing the study’s ecological validity.
• A weakness of independent groups is

  -ppt variables (e.g intelligence motivation) may confound results

  -reduces internal validity
• Another weakness is that

  -Requires More Participants-Since each participant only contributes data to one condition, more people are needed to achieve the same amount of data as repeated measures.-This can make the design more time-consuming and costly, reducing practical efficiency.