COPD

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a progressive irreversible lung disease
• A preventable and treatable disease characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities
• causes and risk factors

  • smoking
  • exposure to chemicals and fumes
  • air pollution
  • genetic factors
  • age
• symptoms

  • chronic cough
  • wheezing
  • chest tightness
  • fatigue
  • cyanosis
  • frequent respiratory infections
  • weight loss
• diagnosis

  • spirometry - lung function test
  • chest x-ray or CT scan
  • history and physical exam
• treatment

  • smoking cessation
  • medications
  • inhalers
  • pulmonary rehabilitation