Page 1 CFP

Cards (12)

  • Computer
    • Considered as calculating machine
    • Can perform arithmetic operations
    • Programmed to : accept data ( input), process data into useful information, produce out, and then store for later use
  • User
    • Someone that communicates with a computer
  • Data
    • Collection of raw facts and figures
    • Consists of numbers, characters, symbols, etc.
  • Information
    • Processed data
    • Meaningful than data
    • Data that is organized, meaningful and useful
  • Information technology
    • For storing, retrieving, and sending information
  • Mechanical Computers
    • 1600 to 1900
    • More traditional computer-based on mechanical techniques
    • Example: abacus, slide ruler, and pascal calculator
  • What year does the ELECTRONIC COMPUTER starts and ended?
    1937 - 1953
  • First Generation of electronic computers used vacuum tubes:
    • Operated from 1946 to 1956
    • Could perform 2,000 to 16,000 additions per second
    • Had main memory ranging from 100 bytes to 2 kilobytes
    • Used vacuum machines, were very large, required special rooms with air conditioning, and needed specially trained technicians to run and maintain
  • Second Generation of electronic computers (from 1959 to around 1965) used transistors:
    • Were smaller, faster, and more reliable
    • Could perform 6,000 to 3,00,000 operations per second
    • Had main memory ranging from 6 kilobytes to 1.3 megabytes
    • Cost one-tenth the price of a 1st generation
    • Became common in larger businesses and universities
  • Third generation computers (1965 to around 1972) used integrated circuits, which are many transistors on one piece of silicon
  • Characteristics of third generation computers:
    • Smaller, faster, more reliable, and lower in price compared to previous generations
    • Some could fit on desktops, while others were the size of a stove or refrigerator
    • Capable of performing 100,000 to 400,000,000 operations per second
    • Cost about one-tenth the amount of second generation computers
  • Third generation computers with integrated circuits became very common in medium to large businesses