First Aid

• First aid is the first response or treatment given to someone who has

  been injured.
• A First Aid Kit contains:

  • thermometer
  • plasters in a variety of different sizes and shapes
  • disposable sterile gloves
  • Scissors
  • sticky tape
  • Skin rash cream
  • eye wash
  • painkillers
• A bystander is the first person to recognize the situation as an

  emergency and acts to assist the victim.
• You can notice something is wrong by the person's behaviour, appearance or surroundings.
• In the event of an injury, consider 3 things:

  • Can it be dangerous?
  • What type of injury is it?
  • Injury or Illness/ severe or minor
• Information to give ambulance:

  • Name
  • Victim's location
  • What happened
  • Number of persons that need assistance
  • The victim's condition
• Diseases can be transmitted by air

  • Tuberculosis
• Diseases can be transmitted by contact with infected blood which result in infections:

  • HIV
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
• PPE- Personal Protective Equipment
• PPE blocks organisms from entering the body
• PPE:

  • Gloves
  • Protective eyewear
• D- danger

  R- response

  A- airway

  B- breathing

  C- circulation
• Treatment of basic injuries-

  R- rest

  I- ice

  C- compression

  E- elevation
• Long term management of injuries:

  1. Active movement
  2. Passive stretching and active exercise
  3. Active strengthening
  4. Re- education
• CPR- cardiac pulmonary resuscitation
• CPR is done when a victim has no pulse
• MMV- mouth to mouth ventilation
• MMV is used when the victim has stopped breathing