Year 9 biology🎀💌

• A cell is the basic building block of life and the smallest unit of an organism
• Most single cells are microscopic in size, but working together, cells can control the whole organism
• Animal and plant cells have different subcellular structures:

  • Animal cell: nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm
  • Plant cell: nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm, cell wall, chloroplast, ribosomes, permanent vacuole
• Subcellular structures in cells include:

  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall (in plant cells)
  • Chloroplast (in plant cells)
  • Permanent vacuole (in plant cells)
• Hormones are chemical messengers that regulate various physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis.