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    • A computer system comprises two major components: hardware and software.
    • Hardware refers to all physical items associated with a computer system.
    • Software is a set of instructions enabling hardware to perform specific tasks.
    • Integration of physical hardware and non-physical software forms a computer system.
    • Input Devices: Allow users to input programs and data, common examples include keyboard, mouse, and scanners.
    • Processor: Manipulates input data into required information, executes computer instructions.
    • Memory: Main memory from which CPU fetches instructions and data, also known as primary memory, volatile in nature.
    • Output Devices: Display processed data (information), common examples are monitors and printers.
    • Storage: Usually refers to secondary storage, stores data and programs permanently for future use.
    • Peripheral equipment are the hardware devices attached to the computer. It includes all input, output, and secondary storage devices attached to the computer.
  • Computer software is composed of system software and application software
    • Software makes the computer perform meaningful tasks, comprises planned, step-by-step instructions to turn data into information.
    • System Software
    -           consists of general program ( programs that provide the environment to run the application programs) written for a computer.
  • System software
    • it comprises programs, which interact with the hardware at a very basic level.
  • System software
    • It is the basic necessity of a computer system or its proper functioning.
  • System software
    • It serves as the interface between hardware and the user. The operating system, compilers and utility programs are examples of system software.