Free will and determinism

• What happens when I let go of a ball?

  It falls due to gravity.
• Why do we know the ball will fall?

  Because of our understanding of gravity.
• What can we predict about the ball's fall?

  Its speed, path, and noise.
• What is meant by deterministic processes in science?

  • Predictable outcomes based on causal factors
  • Examples include physics, biology, and chemistry
  • Essential for the scientific method
• What does human behavior have in common with physical objects?

  Both are influenced by causal factors.
• What are some causal factors influencing human behavior?

  Genes and upbringing.
• What is the implication of accepting determinism in human behavior?

  It challenges the concept of free will.
• What is the scientific method's role in psychology?

  • Tests causal explanations of behavior
  • Creates and tests hypotheses
  • Controls variables to measure outcomes
• How does soft determinism differ from strict determinism?

  Soft determinism allows some control over behavior.
• What do environmental determinists believe?

  Experiences shape our behavior.
• What is reciprocal determinism according to Bandura?

  Actions influence the environment and vice versa.
• What does biological determinism focus on?

  Genetics and biological processes.
• What did Freud believe about unconscious forces?

  They determine behavior through innate drives.
• What are the implications of a deterministic view on society?

  • Questions about education and intelligence
  • Responsibility for criminal behavior
  • Ethical considerations in treatment and prevention
• Why is viewing behavior as a result of one factor too simplistic?

  Behavior results from multiple interacting factors.
• What does cognitive neuroscience research suggest about decision-making?

  Decisions are made before conscious awareness.
• What did Leber's classic EEG research show?

  A readiness potential before conscious decision.
• How does the feeling of free will relate to determinism?

  It may be an illusion created by the brain.
• What are the potential benefits of understanding determinism?

  • Helps in forgiving oneself and others
  • Encourages reflection on behavior causes
  • Aids in personal growth and societal change
• What is the author's stance on free will?

  They lean towards accepting determinism.
• How does the author suggest we should live our lives?

  As if we have free will while considering determinism.
• What is the significance of understanding causal factors in behavior?

  It can lead to societal improvements.