[11] UCSP - Terminologies in Culture, Society, and Politics

• What makes cultures different from each other?

  • Environment
  • History
  • Beliefs
  • Religion
  • Traditions
• Human Cultural Variation - refers to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit
• Religion - set of organized beliefs, practices, and systems that most often relate to the belief and worship of a controlling force (God or supernatural being)
• Nationality - identity that is tied to being a part of a particular nation
• Nation - group of people who share the same history, language and similar cultures/traditions
• Ethnicity - set of cultural ideas by particular ethnic or an indigenous group within a nation
• Social Differences - differences among individuals on their social characteristics (gender, sexual orientation, age, social class, religion, and ability)
• Gender - one's sense of self as masculine or feminine regardless of their genitalia; social constructed characteristics of women and men
• Types of Sexual Orientation (SOGIE)

  • Male/Female (Heterosexual)
  • Lesbian (Homosexual)
  • Gay (Homosexual)
  • Bisexual
  • Transgender
  • Plus
• Social Classes

  1. Upper Class
  2. Middle Class
  3. Working Class
  4. Peasants
  5. Underclass
• Proletariat - owns no private property; sells labour-power to survive
• Bourgeoisie - owns the means of production; hires wage labor for profit
• Land-Owners - owns land, collects rent
• Political Identity - how an individual or group of individuals think of themselves in relation to the politics and government of a country; has a strong influence over an individuals' attitudes and beliefs
• Components of Political Identity

  • Political Views
  • Religious Beliefs
  • Ethnicity
  • Personality
• Socioeconomic Class - a group of people with similar socioeconomic status or standing within the society based on level of income, education, and occupation