Module 2 - Juvenile

• Family


  the first and most basic institution of society responsible for developing a child’s potential in all its aspects like physical, emotional, spiritual, moral, intellectual and social
• Family


  molds the child to learn to curb his desires and to accept rules that define the time, place and circumstances under which highly personal needs may be satisfied in socially acceptable ways
• Family structure 


  description of the family
• Nuclear family


  consists of father, mother and children
• Extended family


  consists of father, mother, children, grandparents, uncles and aunts, cousins, nephews and nieces, and in-laws
• structural completeness


  presence of both father and mother
• economic security


  capability to provide for the basic needs and wants
• cultural conformity


  typical family beliefs and practices
• moral conformity


  moral uprightness, Christian way of living
• Ideally, one of a home must have the following:

  physical and psychological normalcy
• emotional adequacy


  affection, support, love and care between faulty members
• The Corporate Model


  Father is the chief executive officer; Mother is the operating officer; Children are the staffs
• The Team Model


  Competition is the name of the game and winning is everything; Dad is the head coach; Mom is the chief of training table; Children, suffering frequent performance anxiety
• The Military Model


  Dad is the general; Mom always on guard duty; Ranks justify arbitrary behavior; Sympathy is for softies
• The Boarding School Model


  Dad is the general; minsan lang magkita
• The Theatrical Model


  Dad is the producer; Mom, the stage manager; Children the stagehands
• Family Rejection


  studies found a significant relationship between parental rejection and delinquent behavior.
• Broken home


  this does not only refer to the separation of parents leaving their children behind, but includes the presence of both parents but who are irresponsible that children experience constant quarrel in the home. Teenage pregnancy is strongly associated with a variety of compounding problems for the girl
• Maclanahan and booth

  1. Economic deprivation
  2. Socialization

  3. Neighborhood
• Economic deprivation 


  Research showed delinquency to be related to the mother’s income at the time of the child’s birth and to the father’s irregular employment. Additionally, studies have found single mothers have fewer sources to invest in their children.
• Socialization 


  Includes factors that can attenuate the effect of single parenthood, such as autonomy, supervision, affection, and conflict. Single may be less able to properly supervise, monitor, guide and support their children to insure their conformity to societal rules.
• Neighborhood 


  Recognizes that many single parent families live in social isolation and economically deprived neighborhoods. This demographic reality results decreased opportunity for economic mobility and associated with greater likelihood that children will quit school or become pregnant as teenagers
• Parental Attachment


  parental love may reduce delinquency because it is something children do not want to lose.
• 4 categories of parenting styles

  Authoritative parenting

  Indulgent parenting

  Authoritarian parenting

  Neglectful parenting
• Neglectful parenting


  both non responsive and non-demanding. The child is not engaged either affectionately or disciplinary by the parent
• Authoritarian parenting


  characterized by high discipline without the warmth thus leading to often hostile demeanor and harsh correction
• Indulgent parenting


  characterized by warmth and regard towards their children but lack structure and discipline.
• Authoritative parenting


  characterized by warmth and support in addition to discipline.
• School


  It is considered the second home of a child
• Some of the behavior modification by means of imitation as brought about by environmental influence:

  1. rampant drug addiction . vices such as gambling and drinking alcoholic beverages c. association with criminal groups or gangs
  2. d. too much exposure to sex and violence in movies, television, print and internet
• Poverty


  in absolute terms, is more common for children than for any other group in society. Ageism, they say, is the last frontier in the quest for economic equality. Adolescents from lower socioeconomic status (SES) families regularly commit more violence than youth from higher SES levels
• Influence of media


  our moral values had gone down to very low level brought about the proliferation of BOLD films and violence exhibited in media parts of the country.
• Adolescence


  The actual structure of the personality depends on the specific influences of social

  institutions such as the family, educational system, and the economic structure.
• Adolescence 


  is a period of life as a turbulent, emotional one, and filled with storm and stress, brought by the various biological changes of puberty.
• Peer Pressure: the alarmist View


  Alarmist as a time in youths life, views that period of adolescence and intense peer group activity, which is most likely to lead to conflict with adults, conventional institutions and the law.
• Peer Pressure: the Reassuring View


  If the alarmist seems to fear the youth subculture, others quick to reassure us that it is either just a phase or a relatively innocent stage in normal adolescent maturation.
• If the alarmist seems to fear the youth subculture, others quick to reassure us that it is either just a phase or a relatively innocent stage in normal adolescent maturation.

  Peer Pressure: the Reassuring View