Excretory System (urinary tract)

• excretory system

  waste

  CO2 -> excreted through lungs.

  metabolic waste -> as urine ->excreted through bladder.
• Bladder is part of the urinary system
• Purpose:

  get rid of metabolic waste and excess water in the body
• Parts: kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
• Kidneys:

  -2, located at the back

  -filters the blood to remove waste
• Ureters

  -2

  -pipes/tubes leading from the kidneys to the bladder

  -urine runs through it
• Bladder

  -1, balloon shaped structure

  -gets filled with urine

  -when half full a signal is sent to the brain and a signal is sent back to the bladder
• Urethra

  -1, pipe/tube leading from the bladder to exit the body
• Processes (FADE): filtration, absorption, diffusion, excretion
• filtration: blood is filtered
• Absorption: useful substances get absorbed back into the blood. e.g. glucose and water
• Diffusion: waste products in blood diffuse into the kidney cells
• Diffuse: process whereby substances move from high concentration to low concentration
• Excretion: urine exits the body through the urethra
• Health issues: kidney stones, kidney failure, bladder infection
• kidney stones

  solid deposit of minerals and cells that form in the kidneys when urine is too concentrated and substances precipate out of solution
• kidney failure:

  sudden loss of the ability of the kidney to remove waste and concentrate urine without losing electrolytes.
• bladder infection:

  caused by bacteria that infects the urinary tract