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Cards (55)

  • Grey-Turner sign is purple discoloration in the abdomen
  • Dark bluish-pink striae are associated with Cushing syndrome
  • Ascites presents as abdominal swelling
  • Spider angiomas are characterized by dilated arterioles and capillaries in the abdomen
  • Striae in the abdomen can be caused by ascites
  • Cullen's sign is bluish/purple discoloration around the umbilical area
  • An everted umbilicus is seen with abdominal distention
  • A scaphoid abdomen indicates a sunken appearance due to weight loss
  • Abdominal distention can be associated with different sounds:
    • Feces cause dullness (due to hard stool)
    • Flatus causes tympany (due to gas)
    • Fat causes tympany (common in obesity)
    • Fibroids and other masses present with dullness and tympany
  • Ascitic fluid in the abdomen may cause dullness, while tympany may be present over the intestine (indicating fluid in the abdomen)
  • An umbilical hernia indicates weakness in the umbilical ring
  • Diastasis Recti refers to the separation between two abdominal muscles
  • Heart
    The muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body
  • Arteries
    Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
  • Bony Prominences

    Projections or protrusions on the surface of the body
  • Scars and Adhesions
    Results of healing processes, such as surgical scars or adhesions between tissues
  • Anterior and Posterior Markings

    External signs that indicate the location of underlying bodily structures
  • Sulci
    Grooves or furrows on the surface of the body, such as the furrowed brow or the groove of the nose
  • Folds
    Cresses or wrinkles on the surface of the body, such as skin folds or facial wrinkles
  • Peculiarities
    Unique or remarkable features on the surface of the body, such as moles, tattoos, or scars
  • Convex and Concave Surfaces

    The shape and curvature of the body's surface, affecting the layout of underlying structures
  • Lines of Cleavage
    Imaginary lines that divide the body into sections based on the attachments of muscles, skin, and other tissues
  • Transverse Plane
    An imaginary line that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections
  • Frontal Plane
    An imaginary line that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections
  • Sagittal Plane
    An imaginary line that divides the body into left and right halves
  • Body Orientation
    The way our body parts are aligned and related to each other
  • Kidney
    A bean-shaped organ that filters waste and excess fluids from the blood
  • Glomerulus
    A cluster of tiny blood vessels in the kidneys that filter waste and excess fluids from the blood
  • Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
    The process by which the kidneys reabsorb needed substances and eliminate waste through the kidneys
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias
    Abnormal heart rhythms or beats
  • Ischaemia
    Reduced blood flow to the heart muscle, often due to blockages in the coronary arteries
  • Chronic Heart Failure (CHF)

    A long-term condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's demands
  • Angioplasty
    The use of a balloon to widen narrowed or blocked coronary arteries
  • Stenting
    The placement of a small mesh tube (stent) to keep the coronary arteries open
  • Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS)

    A sudden blockage of the coronary arteries, often causing a heart attack
  • Echocardiography
    The use of sound waves to create images of the heart's structure and function
  • Ovum
    The female gamete (egg) released from the ovaries during ovulation
  • Sperm
    The male gamete (sperm cells) produced by the testes during spermatogenesis
  • Menstruation
    The regular shedding of the uterine lining in response to hormonal changes
  • Ovulation
    The release of the ovum from the ovaries, usually occurring mid-cycle, allowing for fertilization to occur