SCIENCE 10 SPHERICAL ABBERATIONS

• Spherical Abberations - The assumption on the size of the mirror mentioned previously will, in effect, make parallel ray’s incident to the mirror be relatively close to the principal axis.
• Spherical abberation, as it called, will produce blurry images.
• To correct this, mirror’s shapes are adjusted into a parabolic shape to compensate for the abberations.
• Lenses - lenses are rank as one of the most useful and simplest optical devices you have.
• Lenses are used in magnifying glasses used by detectives to the more complicated devices such as cameras, microscopes, and telescopes.
• lenses are divided into two classes: convex and concave lenses.
• A convex lens, such as that in magnifying glass, can focus light into a small point.
• convex lenses are called converging lenses.
• The point at which convex lens converges parallel light rays is called the focal point F of the lens.
• The distance of the focal point from the center of the lens is called the focal length f.
• • On the other hand, when parallel rays enter a concave lens, the rays are diverged by the lens thus calling it a diverging lens
• Photojournalists are able to “stop time” and capture a certaoin event using cameras.
• Biologist can see and study small entities such as micribes and bacteria using a microscope.
• Astronomers can probe the heavenly bodies using a telescope.
• Magnifying glass - are simple instruments used to enlarge objects. They consist of a single, biconvex lens mouted in a frame with a handle. - a magnifying glass creates an enlarged virtual image of an object behind the lens.
• Camera - is used to capture images to a medium and store it over a period of time.
• the major parts of an eye used in vision, the lens iris, and the retina.
• cameras have played a significant role in the progression of visual arts, media, entertainment, surveillance, and scientific research
• Microscope - is an optical instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye or unaided eye.
• the simplest microscope is the compound microscope that uses two converging lens used to magnify objects: the objective and the eyepiece lenses.
• Telescope - is commonly used to make far away objects, like planets of our solar system, seem closer.
• there are mainly two types of telescopes: refracting and reflecting telescopes.
• this is the most common configuration of a refracting telescope, also called Keplerian, named after Johannes Kepler who designed this type of telescope in 1611
• the first design of this type of telescope was credited to an Italian professor, Niccolo Zucchi, in 1616.
• The telescope is undoubtedly the most important investigative tool in astronomy. It provides a means of collecting and analyzing radiation from celestial objects, even those in the far reaches of the universe