4. four noble truths

• dukkha-dukkha

  ordinary suffering eg old age and sickness
• viparinama dukkha


  suffering from change, pleasant feelings in life aren't permanent. links to anicca.
• samkahara-dukkha


  suffering from conditioned states, attatchment to 5 skandhas. links to anatta (teaching od no self)
• 5 skandhas


  matter, sensations, perceptions, will + direction and consciousness. make up each individual; but theres nothing else beyond this.
• anatta


  no self. suffering arises from the illusion that impermanent conditioned states are permanent
• anicca


  all things are changing. suffering from change
• samsara


  process of becoming and rebecoming. this world, filled wit suffering.
• Key Aims of OCR on the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism:

  • Understanding the Four Noble Truths as the foundation of Buddhist teaching, including the doctor analogy, the outline in the Deer Park Sermon, and the path of disciples and arhats/arahants
  • Exploring Dukkha/duhkha (suffering) in relation to the other Truths and its role as the 'sickness' to be cured
  • Studying Tanha/trishna (craving), the different types of craving, and how they lead to suffering
  • Understanding Nibbana/nirvana as the goal of Buddhism, nirodha as the 'cutting off' of craving through detachment, and the different forms of nibbana/nirvana
  • Exploring Magga/marga (path) the (Noble) Eightfold Path, its stages, sections, and practical application in the lives of Buddhists
  • Discussing issues relating to the Four Noble Truths, including the understandability of Buddhism's goal, the positivity or negativity of detachment, and the importance of different Truths or stages of the Eightfold Path
• karma


  skilful actions based on compassionate, generous and clear states of mind, will have positive consequences
• kama-tanha


  thirst for sensual pleasures
• bhava-tanha

  thirst for existence and bcoming
• vibhava-tanha


  thirst for non-existence or to get rid of it
• dhamma-tanha

  thirst for ideas and ideals, views, opinions, theories, concepts and beliefs