the versailles settlement

• When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

  28 June 1919
• What did the German people hope regarding Wilson's Fourteen Points?

  They hoped it would be the treaty's basis
• What was the term used to describe the Treaty of Versailles by Germany?

  Diktat
• What was the 'war guilt clause' in the Treaty of Versailles?

  Germany had to take blame for the war
• How much reparations did Germany have to pay according to Article 232?

  £6,600 million
• What territory did Germany lose to Denmark?

  North Schleswig
• Which territories were given to Belgium?

  Eupen and Malmedy
• What was the Saar coalfields' arrangement under the Treaty?

  Controlled by the League for 15 years
• Which country received Alsace-Lorraine?

  France
• What happened to Germany's African colonies?

  They were given as mandates to the League
• What was the status of Danzig after the Treaty?

  It became a 'Free City'
• What was the Polish Corridor?

  Land given to Poland for sea access
• What was forbidden regarding the Anschluss?

  Union between Germany and Austria
• Why was Germany not allowed to join the League of Nations?

  It was punished for its role in the war
• What were the restrictions on Germany's navy?

  15,000 men, 1,500 officers, six battleships
• What was the limit on the German army?

  Capped at 100,000 soldiers
• What military capabilities were banned for Germany?

  No tanks, submarines, or air force allowed
• What was the purpose of the Versailles Settlement?

  To weaken Germany to prevent future wars
• What were the aims of the 'Big Three' regarding the Treaty of Versailles?

  • Britain: Punish Germany, retain naval supremacy, trade
  • France: Punish Germany, reduce power, reparations
  • USA: Self-determination, prevent future war, League of Nations
• What did many British people think about the 'war guilt' clause?

  Many liked it as a punishment for Germany
• What was Lloyd George's concern about the Treaty?

  It might lead to German revenge
• What did Clemenceau want regarding Germany's military?

  He wanted Germany to have no army
• What did Wilson achieve with the League of Nations?

  42 countries joined to avoid war
• What was Wilson's concern about the Treaty of Versailles?

  It was too harsh on Germany
• What were the evidence points for and against the Treaty of Versailles for each of the 'Big Three'?

  • Britain:
  • For: War guilt clause, reparations, naval dominance
  • Against: Too harsh, fear of revenge
  • France:
  • For: Responsibility for war, demilitarised Rhineland
  • Against: Not harsh enough, wanted Saar outright
  • USA:
  • For: Independence for small nations, League created
  • Against: Germany's empire as mandates, naval reduction
• What was the impact of the Treaty on Germany's ability to trade?

  Germany could not afford to trade
• Which of the 'Big Three' was most satisfied with the Treaty of Versailles?

  Evidence needed to support the answer
• What was the significance of the Rhineland being demilitarised?

  It reduced Germany's military threat to France
• What was the total amount of reparations Germany was required to pay?

  £6,600 million