Lab midterm

• Fitness


  the ability to carry out physical activities in a satisfactory manner
• <15s


  anaerobic- phosphagen
• 15-30s


  anaerobic- phosphagen and glycolytic
• 30-60s


  anaerobic and aerobic- glycolytic and aerobic
• Health related fitness

  cardiorespiratory endurance

  muscular strength/ endurance

  body composition

  flexibility
• 1-3 min


  anaerobic and aerobic- glycolytic and aerobic
• 3-60 min

  aerobic- CHO
• >60 min

  aerobic- fat
• Norms


  based on population

  standards define the physiological requirements for good health
• Standards


  compare a person's score to recommended values for good health

  places people into percentiles/ categories
• kg-->lbs


  kg x 2.2046
• lbs--> kg

  lbs/ 2.2046
• cm --> in


  cm/2.54
• in--> cm


  in x 2.54
• What is involved in pre-testing screening

  PAR-Q

  ACSM risk factors
• Risk factors for CVD

  Age

  Family history

  Physical inactivity

  Obesity

  Hypertension

  Dyslipidemia

  Diabetes
• Order of measurements

  HR

  BP

  Ht

  Wt

  body composition
• Order of fitness test

  resting assessments

  flexibility

  cardiovascular fitness

  muscular fitness
• Blood pressure


  amount of force applied to arterial walls dependent upon volume of blood and resistance of blood vessels
• Normal bp

  <120/<80
• Elevated bp


  120-129/<80
• Stage 1 hypertension bp


  130-139/80-89
• Stage 2 hypertension


  >140/>90
• What sounds you listen for when taking BP measurement

  Korotkoff sounds
• Name of equipment required to measure blood pressure

  sphygmomanometer
• Importance of cuff size

  cuffs that are too big will underestimate bp

  cuffs that are too small will overestimate bp
• Arteries above the heart

  bp decreases
• Arteries below the heart

  bp is increased
• BP laying down

  increased central venous pressure --> increased stroke volume --> increased cardiac output --> increased blood pressure
• BP standing up


  blood pools in lower limbs --> decreased blood pressure
• 2 primary components affecting BP

  SBP/ Cardiac output

  DBP/ TPR
• Cardiac output


  how much blood the heart pumps per minute

  stroke volume x HR
• TPR


  force exerted on blood by vascular walls
• SBP and DBP response to exercise

  increased contractility of the heart

  increased stroke volume

  muscular need for greater force and pressure to deliver blood to exercising muscles

  vasodilation- more blood draining from arteries and through arterioles and muscular capillaries
• Anaerobic power


  the ability to produce the highest force output in the shortest time possible
• Tests used to measure anaerobic power

  Anaerobic treadmill running (20% incline)

  Wingate test
• What happens to anaerobic power output with increased duration in anaerobic activity

  decreases
• Anaerobic energy system cut-points

  5-15s- ATP-PCr system

  15-60s- anaerobic glycolysis
• Advantages of maximal exercise testing?

  accurate

  increased sensitivity in diagnosis of CAD in asymptomatic individuals
• Disadvantages of maximal exercise testing?

  physician supervision

  risks

  requires exercise to max exhaustion