TISSUES

• TISSUE


  a group of cells that function together to carry out specialized activities. It has the same STRUCTURE, ORIGIN, and FUNCTION
• EPITHELIAL TISSUE


  It is the outermost layer of the skin. Consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets in either single or multiple layers.
• EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX


  a network of molecules that provides structural & biochemical support to the cells in tissue & organs. Its function is to hold and connect cells in tissues. It can be seen outside the cell spaces
• BASEMENT MEMBRANE


  it is a specialized type of extracellular matrix. It is where epithelial tissue is attached INTERNALLY.
• SQUAMOUS


  cells are thin flat cells shaped like flagstones

  
• CUBOIDAL


  cells are short cylinders that form the side appears cube-shaped, like dice

  
• COLUMNAR


  cells look like columns or cylinders when viewed from the side

  
• SIMPLE LAYER


  composed of one layer of cells

  
• PSEUDOSTRATIFIEDLAYER


  falsely appeared layered. "PSEUDO"- false/misleading

  
• STRATIFIED LAYER

  has 2 or more layers which protects the underlining tissue

  
• SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

  
• SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

  
• SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  
• STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

  
• STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM

  
• STRATIFIED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

  
• TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM

  
• CONNECTIVE TISSUE


  • consists of relatively few cells scattered through an extracellular matrix. It is the most abundant & widely distributed tissue in the body.
  • Common origin: originated from mesenchyme (a basic type of tissue in embryos that can turn into different kinds of tissues, like bone or muscle, as the body develops)
• COLLAGENOUS FIBERS


  They are composed primarily of collagen, which is a tough and fibrous protein. It provides strength, support, and flexibility to various tissues in the body
• ELASTIC FIBERS


  primarily composed of elastin, a protein that provides elasticity and resilience to tissues.
• ADIPOSE CELLS


  also known as adipocytes, are specialized cells found in adipose tissue, which is a type of connective tissue primarily responsible for storing energy in the form of fat.
• WHITE BLOOD CELLS


  also known as leukocytes, are a crucial component of the immune system responsible for defending the body against infections, pathogens, and foreign substances.
• EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

  • MESENCHYME


  Embryonic tissue from which connective tissues,

  as well as other tissues arise

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: LOOSE CT

  • AREOLAR

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

  • ADIPOSE

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

  • RETICULAR

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: DENSE REGULAR CT

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: CARTILAGE


  a dense network of collagen fibers & elastic fiber firmly embedded in chondroitin sulfate
• CHONDROCYTES


  cartilage cells found in the spaces called lacunae
• PERICHONDRIUM 


  covering of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the cartilage. 2 layers: outer fibrous layer and inner cellular layer
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: CARTILAGE

  • HYALINE


  most abundant cartilage in the body, surrounded by perichondrium. It provides flexibility & support & reduces friction. It can be seen between bones. EX: chicken bone (leg part)

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: CARTILAGE

  • FIBROCARTILAGE


  The strongest type of cartilage. Chondrocytes are scattered among bundles of collagen fibers within the extracellular matrix. It lacks perichondrium. It can be found in intervertebral disc (between vertebrae)

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: CARTILAGE

  • ELASTIC 


  Chondrocytes are located within a threadlike network of elastic fibers. The pericondrium is present. It provides strength and elasticity

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: BONE


  a hard connective tissue that consists of living cells & mineralized matrix. Bone cells, or osteocytes are located within holes in the matrix, which are called lacunae and are similar to the lacunae of cartilage. 2 types: SPONGY & COMPACT
• SPONGY BONE

  
• COMPACT BONE

  
• MATURE CONNECTIVE TISSUE: LIQUID CT

  • BLOOD TISSUE


  Connective tissue with liquid extracellular matrix called BLOOD PLASMA.

  
• MUSCLE TISSUE


  consists of elongated cells called muscle fibers or myocytes. Classified into 3 types: SKELETAL, CARDIAC, and SMOOTH muscular tissue
• SKELETAL MUSCLE

  
• CARDIAC MUSCLE