Organelle structure and function

• Cell membrane


  Determines which substance enters/exits
• Cytoplasm

  Helps hold cell shape

  Allows nutrients and organelles to move around
• Nucleus


  Control center

  Contains genetic material; prevents it from damage
• Ribosomes


  Instructions to make proteins: translates mRNA to form polypeptide (proteins from amino acids)
• ER


  Network of membranes

  Rough: covered in ribosomes

  Smooth: produces lipids, steroids and carbs
• Golgi apparatus

  Folds and modifies proteins

  Packages and sends them to other places in the cell
• Mitochondria

  Has 2 membranes to maintain different chemical environments

  mtDNA carries genes to produce proteins that make more mitochondria