PLANTS CELL

• VACUOLE

  • Liquid-filled sac, which is the cell sap.
  • A vacuole is surrounded by the tonoplast membrane.
  • Young plant cells have many small vacuoles while mature plant cells have a large vacuole.
  • The vacuole in animal cells is small.
  • Cell sap contains water, organic acids, sugars, amino acids, enzymes, mineral salts, oxygen, carbon dioxide and metabolic by-products.

  FUNCTIONS:

  • Water is absorbed into the vacuole plant cell and the cell becomes turgid.
  • In unicellular animals, the vacuole contracts during osmoregulation, osmosis and excretion.

  
• CHLOROPLAST

  • Oval shaped
  • Consists of two layers of membrane
  • Contains chlorophyll pigments in the grana that give plants a green colour

  FUNCTION:

  Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight and converts it to chemical energy during photosynthesis.

  
• CYTOPLASM

  • Consists of a jelly-like medium that contains components of the suspended cells
  • Contains organic compounds (such as protein, lipid and carbohydrate) and inorganic compounds (such as potassium ions)

  FUNCTIONS:

  Acts as a medium for biochemical reactions in cells

  
• CELL WALL

  • A strong and rigid outer layer
  • Made from cellulose fibre
  • Fully permeable

  FUNCTIONS:

  • Maintains the shape of plant cells
  • Provides mechanical support to plant cells

  
• Name the cell. Vacuole

  
• Name the cell. Chloroplast

  
• Name the cell. Cytoplasm

  
• Name the cell. Cell Wall