para (amoeba)

• Characteristic of trophozoite?

  ABM-DFW

  Active

  Binary fission

  Moving

  Damage tissue WATERY
• characteristic of Cyst?

  Inactive

  Resistant

  non-feeding

  thick-wall

  Isolated from formed stool

  Infectious

  With chromatoidal bar
• help also to diagnose which species causes specific disease?

  chromotoidal bars
• this is considered to be the most invasive of the entamoeba family?

  Entamoeba histolytica
• E. histolytica cause?

  colitis and liver abscess
• E. histolytica have 2 stage of life cycle these are?

  Infective stage and invasive trophocyte stage
• Mode of transmission of E. histolytica?

  Ingestion of contaminated food or water

  Veneral through fecal oral ( so it can be also through sexual transmission)

  Direct colonic inoculation
• amoeba is a like ?

  finger like pseudopodia
• very important in the diagnosis of amoeba , you can differentiate them through the ?

  Nucleus
• very important in differentiating the different species of entamoeba.

  number of nucleus
• contain 4 nuclie ? in the cyst

  mature cyst or quadrinucleated cyst
• sausage like

  chromatoidal body
• Trophozoite

  finger like pseudopodia with rapid unidirectional movement

  Single nucleus with small central karyosome fine and uniformly distrubuted peripheral chromatin.

  Outer clear ectoplasm , finely granular with ingested RBC endoplasm
• would be a diagnostic tool to differentiate histolytica from others?


  ingested RBC
• 
  

  CYST

  spherical with definite cyst wall

  Nuclei ; 1-4

  4 mature infective - Qudarinucleated cyst

  Karyosome and peripheral chromatin same with trop

  With CHROMATOIDAL BARS rounded ens ( sausage cigar -shape)
• 1. Diagnostic stage ?

  Trophozoid or cyst

  Probably is cyst
• afte cyst oral contamination, nasal food then you will be infected until it will reach your ?

  small intestine
• in your small intestine it will become a ?

  trophozoid
• it will become trophozoid and it will multiply through ?

  binary fission
• after the binary fission the trophoziod now may still in your small intestine causing intestinal disease . like?

  amoebic ulcers
• it may travel to your liver causing now?

  Amoebic liver abscess
• it may travel to your brain causing now?

  Meningoencephalitis
• ma abot sya sa liver through your ?

  portal veins
• ma abot sya sa brain causing meningoencephalitis through?

  blood stream or hematogenous spread
• the trophozoid will move to the your colon

  • Colon have a dehydrated environment so the trophozoid will become a


  cyst
• the cyst mag-undergo into ?

  nuclear division followed by cytoplasmic division
• from one , which is your immature cyst, mahimo na sya two. then mahimo siyang ?

  mature cyst or quadrinucleated cyst
• INFECTIVE STAGE:

  MATURE CYSTS/QUADRI-NUCLEATED CYSTS
• EXCYSTATION:

  HAPPENED IN SMALL INTESTINE
• HABITAT:

  IN THE LARGE INTESTINE (cecum)
• ENCYSTATION:

  COLON
• AMEBIC COLITIS

  gradual onset of abdominal pain and diarrhea with or without blood and mucus in stool (dysentery)
• perforation and secondary bacterial peritonitis

  • most serious complication
• AMEBIC MEININGOENCEPHALITIS


  must be considered in amebic patients with altered mental status
• AMEBOMA

  mass-like lesion with abdominal pain and a history of dysentery (pwede ma palpate)
• ASYMPTOMATIC/CARRIER STATE

  Low virulence , strain Immunocompetent , Cyst passers
• AMEBIC LIVER ABSCESS


  most common extra-intestinal form of amebiasis
• trophozoites lyse both inflammatory and liver cells

  cause anchovy sauce-like aspirate
• fever and RUQ (Right upper quadrant pain) pain in acute diseases (<2 weeks)
• Measure tenderness through:

  light palpation (starts always in light) deep palpation