CHAPTER 1: PURCOM

• Communication is an essential human activity that is innate  in nature. Communication has its own identity because it is in itself an  essence of man and it cannot exist without man nor can man  exist without it.
• Nature: Communication is a process. Communication occurs between two or more people. Communication can be expressed through words, actions, or both at the same time.
• 1. Speaker or Source
  2. Message
  3. Channel
  4. Receiver
  5. Feedback
  6. Environment
  7. Context
  8. Interference
• 3 Models of Communication

  1. Linear
  2. Interactive
  3. Transactional
• LINEAR MODEL

  • the oldest kind of communication that dates back to the  time of Aristotle communication happens in one direction which is why the  term linear is used

  sender is the only one who sends message and receiver doesn’t give feedback or response
• Aristotelian Model

  • proposed before 30 BC by Aristotle
  • The speaker sends message, and the audience receives it.
• Lasswell’s Communication Model

  • Added Channel as element
  • popularized and primarily developed to analyze mass communication during the time when only the rich had televisions in order to show the mass media culture.
• The Shannon-Weaver Model

  • Claude Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver, who worked for Bell Telephone Lab in the United States, designed a model to mirror the function of radio and telephone technology.
• Berlo’s SMCR Model

  • Expansion of Shannon Weaver’s model
• INTERACTIVE MODEL

  • Also known as the Convergence Model
• Schramm’s Model

  • Wilber Schramm proposed the model of  communication in 1954.
• Dance Model

  • conceptualized by Frank Dance  in 1967.
• TRANSACTIONAL MODEL

  • More sophisticated than interactive model.
  • Depicts face-to-face interaction, or “transaction” as a  dynamic and changeable process that is not limited to  simple definition.
• Ecological Model

  • Designed by David Foulger
  • Present communication style, system, and practices in modern society
• • 3 basic elements, namely; the creator, the message, and the consumer
• 1. Communication is a systematic process in which individuals  interact only through symbols and body actions.
• The receivers receive only the intended meaning of a message.
• In a linear communication model, feedback is not outrightly  given.
• Noise refers to the means through which a message is  transmitted.
• Transmission is the process by which sound waves and light  waves reach the receiver.
• Verbal Communication

  is the use of words and sounds in expressing thoughts and  emotions

  • as a system of symbols; and
  • as rule-governed
• Arbitrary- Words have no direct relationship to the objects or ideas they represent.
• Ambiguous-Words have several possible meanings.
• Abstract-Words are not material or physical. Simply put. You cannot touch the words; they  exist in the mind.
• Wilber Schramm proposed the model of  communication in 1954.
• TRANSACTION MODEL -Receiver and sender can play the same roles  simultaneously.
• VC is Rule-Governed: Phonology –sounds
• VC is Rule-Governed: Semantics – meaning and interpretation
• VC is Rule-Governed:

  Syntax – grammatical structure
• VC is Rule-Governed:

  Pragmatics – how the same word can have different meanings in different  settings.
• Non-Verbal Communication

  It is the process of conveying meanings without the use  of the words either written or spoken including facial  expressions, hand movements, body language,  postures, and gestures.