Cell division- ks3

• Cells must replicate and divide in order to produce new cells. We need new cells for organism to grow and survive.
• Eurkaryotic cells divide by mitosis and meiosis.
• Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission.
• DNA is so long that it is coiled up into structures called chromosomes.
• There are 46 chromosomes in one body cell, meaning 23 pairs.
• Cells go through life cycle, called, 'The Cell Cycle.'
• In stage 1 of the cell cycle, the cell grows in size, and the DNA and cell orgnalles replicate. The DNA must be replicated before the cell divides, so that the new cell is the same as the original cell.
• Stage 2 is called mitosis and this is where the nucleus divides and one set of chromosomes are pulled apart to each end of the cell.
• In stage 3, the cytoplasm and cell membrane divide into 2 identical daughter cells.
• Mitosis produces 2 daughter cells, whereas meiosis produces 4 daughter cells.
• Mitosis involves one cell division, whereas meiosis involves 2.
• Mitosis creates diploid cells, (which have the full number of chromosomes), and meiosis creates haploid cells.
• Mitosis creates cells genetically identical to the parent, whereas meiosis creates cells genetically different to the parent.
• Mitosis is used for asexual reproduction, growth, and repair, whereas meiosis is used to create gametes for sexual reproduction