Perception

• Gregory's constructivist theory of perception:

  contrasts Gibson's theory - proposes that sensation and perception are not the same

  • Perception as a construction
  • inference
  • visual cues
  • past experiences - the role of nurture
• Gregory's constructivist theory of perception evaluation

  • support from research in different cultures
  • low ecological validity as visual illusions dont show much in the real world
• Gibson's direct theory

  perception doesn't draw on past experience, in contrast with Gregory's theory

  • influence of nature
  • motion parallax - monocular depth cue, when moving past, closer objects appear to move fast than objects that are further away
  • optic flow patterns - when moving, distance things appear stationary and everything else rushes past
  • sensation and perception are the same
• Binocular depth cue = two eyes

  • retinal disparity - difference between the view of the left and right eye gives brain info about depth and distance
  • convergence - how hard eye muscles work, eyes point closer together when an object is closer
• Monocular depth cue = one eye

  • height in plane - object higher = further
  • relative size - smaller object = further away
  • occlusion - objects blocks = closer
  • linear perspective - parallel appear closer as they become more distant
• Ponzo illusion - perceive horizontal line up as longer

  muller-lyer illusion - line with outgoing fins seen as longer

  rubin's vase - ambiguous figures

  ames room