Rizal

• Calamba was one of the largest dominican spanish colonial settlement outside manila
• Baptize on june 22, 1861
• Fr. Rufino Collantes was the parish priest and Fr. Pedro Casanas was Rizal's Ninong
• Rizal's mother chose the name "Jose" in honor of St. Joseph and her Brother Jose Alberto who was the Deputy Parliamentarian.
• Fr. Pedro Pelaez was the first Filipino acting archbishop of manila
• It was the Filipino priest that started the revolution on 19th century not the katipuneros, a non-violent revolt.
• The dominant political and financial power belonged to Spanish friar orders, they were the Augustinian, Franciscan, and the Dominican friars who has pioneered the Spanish colonization of the islands from the time of Legaspi in the 16th century.
• He was a short man only 160 centimeters or 5 feet and 3 inches tall.
• Rizal's parents were Francisco Rizal Mercado and Teodora Alberto y Alonso.
• His father came from a wealthy family of Chinese Mestizo in Binan Laguna, He studied in Letran College taking up the Latin and Philosophy
• Francisco met his wife in manila and settle down in laguna.
• Francisco became a tenant or inquilino to the newly opened Dominican farms.
• Teodora studied at Colegio de Santa Rosa in Manila.
• Jose Rizal was born at home on a moonlit night of Wednesday, June 19, 1861.His mother almost died during her labor because of his disproportionately large head
• Rizal waa born in a time and place of great transformation. When Rizal was only 2 years old, the Great Earthquake of July 1863 destroyed the three major buildings representing Spanish power in the Philippines - (1) The manila Cathedral, (2) the governor-general's place, and (3) city hall, including intramuros itself.
• One of the casualities during the Earthquake waa Fr. Pedro Pelaez the first Filipino acting Archbishop of Manila.Francisco and Teodora are blessed with 11 children. In those days it was common for Filipino families to have children, "cheaper by the dozen"
• One of the casualities during the Earthquake waa Fr. Pedro Pelaez the first Filipino acting Archbishop of Manila.
• Francisco and Teodora had 11 children, including:

  • Saturnina: the oldest and prettiest, lived until 63 years old
• Ilustrado refers to the educated elite, middle-class individuals who studied abroad, preparing the armed uprising that led to a new nation
• The Rizal family's house was located near the town plaza and Camino Real (royal road), close to the parish church and rectory serving as a municipal hall
• Carlos de la Torre, a liberal Spanish governor, was the most beloved governor-general to the natives and Mestizos in Manila, but not to the friars
• The Rizal family belonged to the principalia, labeled as "Ingrato" (ungrateful) and "filibustero" (traitor), and due to the Union of Church and State, they were branded as "heretico" (heretic)
• In 1869, the liberty movement in the Philippines involved prominent Filipinos, secular priests, and student leaders staging a harana at the window of the governor's home at Malacañan
• Asian family ties value close and collective loyalty over individualism, with Filipinos finding security and happiness in family rather than wealth and friends
• Senora Maria de Sanchiz, the governor's mistress and a talented poet, wore a red ribbon in her hair symbolizing anti-monarchy and recited an impromptu patriotic poem
• Rizal had a special connection with his only brother Paciano, immortalizing him as Pilosoping Tasio in his first novel, Noli me Tangere
• The patriotic slogans "Viva el pueblo soberano!" (long live the sovereign people), "Viva la libertad!" (long live liberty), and "Viva el Gobernador Torre!" aimed at independence from an absolute monarch, not independence from Spain
• Paciano Rizal Mercado, a young law student in Manila, participated in the Liberty movement and anti-government demonstrations, leading to his expulsion from UST law school in 1868 due to his criticism of the colonial system and association with Fr. Jose Burgos
• In students from UST organized a reform movement called the young liberals students, Paciano Rizal a law student at UST was among the leaders.
• Governor Rafael Izquierdo who was a typical dictatorial colonial official. He revivwd the strict censorship, restricted all tightd and appointments of Filipino priests and persecuted those who has supported his predecessor's liberal policies.
• Rizal' Chinese ancestry. Half-breed mestizo. He had chinese malay blood (father). He had Japanese, Chinese, Spanish and royal malay blood (mother side)
• Domingo Lamco, chinese immigrant from Fujien went to the philippines to seek employment in the boominh Spanisg Galleon trade. Lamco was baptized a catholic on a Sunday, hence his first name became Domingo. He married Ines de la rosa, a chinese Christian girl. Lamco took the Spanish name Mercado because hebtraded goods in the paria, a Chinese market near Intramuros.
• Teodora came from precoloni nobility. She descended from Lakan dula, one of the 3 malay muslim kings of manila who met Legazpi in thr 16th century.
• Rizal was a frail, sickly boy and stunted in growth. Hence his parentd gave him special care.
• Rizal visited her oldest sister Saturnina who was a boarding student at La Concordia Coleege in Sta. Ana.
• Rizal will be called nerd for he was an introverted intellectual Rizal's trained him how to read, write, speak, and understand. They spoke Tagalog their home dialect. Then later, Rizal became good at Spanish. Spanish was the language of the educated
• he habit of rizal was to learn 5 new words everyday. He wrote them dow to help him remember. Then he search them in the dictionary to check the spelling and meaning. This habit helped him develop a good memory and to k ow 22 Languages. He developed his ieditics (photographic) memory to recall words and images precisely like taking a mental snapshot of something he would recall later.
• It was previously believed that Rizal's first poem was written at the age of 8 in 1869 entitled, "Sa akinh Mga Kabata" (to my fellow Children). The fake poem allegedly a tribute tk Rizal's precociousness and nationalism. The poem turned out to be a hoax
• The verse " Ang hidi marunong magmahal sa sailing wika ay masahol pa sa hayop ay malansang isda" is from the peom. This is used to promote the National Language Week every year.
• • Paciano: the only brother, acted as a second father to Rizal