"A solitary child, neglected by his friends, is left there still."
links to stave 1 - "solitary as an oyster"
suggest that not much has changed. - when he was younger, he didn't have the choice to be lonely but now he tries to make himself isolated as a way of coping with it.
" 'She died a woman,' said the Ghost"
Scrooge is so abrasive with Fred because Fred is his sister's son
Fred's mother was the only bit of happiness left in Scrooge's life. When she died, the happiness in Scrooge's life died with her too.
"She left him, and they parted"
single-compound sentence - affirmative, emphasises certainty of break up, he couldn't do anything to change her decision. everything happened so suddenly.
He ruined his life chances, paves the way to his future because this part focuses on his loneliness and him being solitary - triggers Scrooge's withdrawal from society.