ARTICULAR SYSTEM

• Joint - It is defined as the physical connection between two bones.
• ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

  • Protects ends of bones (epipysis)
  • Reduces friction during joint movement
• MENISCUS - Thin fibrous cartilage between the surfaces of some joints
• Bursa - Sac filled with synovial fluid

  • reduce friction
  • shock absorver
• Tendons - bone to muscle
• Ligaments - bone to bone
• Synarthrosis - no movement

  Structure:

  • Fibrous Joint - Dense connective tissue (collagen fibers)
  • Cartilaginous Joint - Joined by cartilage
  • Bony Fusion - 'Trabecular bridging' , ossified joint

  Specific Type:

  • Suture - Interlocking bones
  • Gomphosis - Periodontal ligament
  • (Cartilaginous) Synchondrosis - Bridge between articulating bones.
  • (Bony fusion) - Synostosis - no boundary existing

  Example : Gums or Teeth

  (cartilaginous) - arms, legs, girdle

  (bony fusion) - metopic suture
• Ampiarthrosis - Slight/little movement

  Structure:

  • Fibrous joint
  • Cartilaginous Joint

  Specific Type:

  • syndesmosis - surface are connected, ligamentous
  • (cartilaginous) Symphysis - connection of pad of fibrous cartilage.

  Examples: Fibrous joint : Interosseous ligament; Tibiofubular

  Cartilaginous joint : Pubic Symphysis , Intervention disk
• Diarthrosis - Free movement of the joints, allowing for a wide range of motion

  Structure:

  • Synovial Joint - extremities , surrounded by articular capsule

  
  

  Specific Type: