oia

• Neck and throat muscles:

  • Submandibular glands
  • Parotid glands
  • Sternohyoid (I = anterior hyoid, O = manubrium of sternum)
  • Sternomastoid (I = mastoid process of skull, O = manubrium of sternum), depress and turn head
  • Cleidomastoid (I = mastoid process of skull, O = clavicle), elevate clavicle, turn head
  • Basioclavicularis (I = occipital bone, O = clavicle), elevate clavicle, turn head
  • Clavodeltoid (I = humerus, O = clavicle), elevate humerus
  • Digastric (I = mandible, O = occipital bone), depresses lower jaw
  • Mylohyoid (I = midventral line of hyoid, O = mandible), raises floor of mouth, bring hyoid forward
  • Thyrohyoid (I = hyoid, O = thyroid)
  • Sternothyroid (I = thyroid, O = sternum), pull larynx posteriorly
• • Chest
  • pectoralis primus (I = humerus, O = manubrium), arms towards chest
  • pectoralis major (I = humerus, O = sternum), arms toward chest
  • pectoralis minor (I = clavicle, spine of scapula, O = sternum), arms and shoulder toward chest
• • Abdominal
  • external oblique (I = lumbodorsal fascia, O = inguinal ligament), constrict abdomen
  • internal oblique (I = linea alba, O = lumbodorsal fascia, posterior ribs, inguinal ligament), compress abdomen
  • transversus abdominis (I = linea alba, O = lumbodorsal fascia, posterior ribs, inguinal ligament), compress abdomen
  • rectus abdominis (I = sternum and costal cartilage, O = anterior pubic symphysis), compress abdomen
• • Upper arm
  • triceps brachii long head (I = olecranon, O = scapula), extensors
  • triceps brachii medial head (I = olecranon, O = dorsal humerus)epitrochlearis/extensor
  • antibrachii (I = olecranon, O = median tblh)
  • biceps brachii (I = ulna and radius, O = glenoid fossa), flexors
  • flexor profundus digitorum (I = phalanges, O = ulna and radius), flex fingers
  • flexor carpi ulnaris (I = pisiform of wrist, O = median epicondyle of humerus), flex ulnar side of wrist
• • Forearm
  • extensor carpi radialis longus (I = 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, O = humerus), extend hand
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis (I = 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, O = humerus), extend hand
  • pronator teres (I = radius, O = humerus) pronation
  • flexor carpi radialis (I = 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, O = humerus), flex 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
  • palmaris longus (I = flat tendon passing through wrist ligaments and divides into four or five tendons which pass to pads of palm and phalanges, O = humerus), flexor of digits
• • Thigh muscles
  • tensor fascia latae (I = fascia, O = ilium), tightens fascia
  • vastus medialis (I = tibia and patella, O = femur), extensor
  • rectus femoris (I = tibia and patella, O = ilium), extensor
  • sartorius (I = tibia, O = ilium), adductor of thigh, rotation of shank
  • gracilis (I = distal portion of thigh, O = pubic symphysis), adductor of leg
  • adductor magnus (I = femur, O = ishium), adduct thigh
  • adductor longus (I = femur, O = ischium), adduct thigh
  • semimembranosus (I = tibia, O = ischium), flex shank
  • semitendinosus (I = tibia, O = ischium), flex shank
• Acromiotrapezius


  Origin: Occipital bone

  Insertion: Acromion Process
• Acromiotrapezius

  Action: Elevate & draws scapula forward
• Spinotrapezius


  Origin: Spines of the thoracic vertebrae

  Insertion: Spine of the scapula
• Spinotrapezius

  Action: Elevates the scapula
• Cleidodeltoid


  Origin: Clavicle

  Insertion: Ulna
• Cleidodeltoid


  Action: abduct & rotate arm
• Acromiodeltoid


  Origin: Actomion Process

  Insertion: Deltoid Ridge of Humerus
• Acromiodeltoid

  Action: Abducts arm
• Spinodeltoid

  Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

  Insertion: greater tuberosity of humerus
• Spinodeltoid

  Action: abducts humerus
• Latissimus Dorsi


  Origin: Thoracic & Lumbar neural spines

  Insertion: Median Humerus
• Latissimus Dorsi


  Action: Adduct, rotate & extend humerus
• Levator Scapulae Ventralis

  Origin: Occipital bone

  Insertion: Acromion Process
• Levator Scapulae Ventralis


  Action: Draws scapula forward
• Splenius

  Origin: Nuchal ligament

  Insertion: Transverse process of the atlas
• Splenius


  Action: Turn head
• Supraspinatus


  Origin: Supraspinous fossa

  Insertion: Greater tuberosity of Humerus
• Supraspinatus

  Action: abducts humerus
• Infraspinatus


  Origin: Infraspinous fossa

  Insertion: Greater tuberosity of humerus
• Infraspinatus


  Action: rotate humerus
• Teres Major

  Origin: Axillary border of scapula

  Insertion: Proximal Humerus
• Teres Major

  Action: Elevate, rotate & extend Humerus
• Teres Minor

  Origin: Lateral border of the scapula

  Insertion: Greater tuberosity pf the Humerus
• Teres Minor


  Action: Extend the humerus
• Subscapularis

  Origin: Medial Scapula

  Insertion: Lesser tuberosity of humerus
• Subscapularis


  Action: Move Humerus medially
• Rhomboideus


  Origin: Spines of thoracic vertebrae

  Insertion: Scapular ventral border
• Rhomboideus


  Action: Rotate scapula, elevate ribs
• Rhomboideus Capitis


  Origin: Spines of thoracic vertebrae

  Insertion: Scapular ventral border
• Rhomboideus Capitis


  Action: Rotate scapula, elevate ribs
• Semispinalis Dorsi


  Origin: Spines of thoracic vertebrae

  Insertion: Occipital
• Semispinalis Dorsi

  Action: Extend vertebral column
• Spinalis


  Origin: Spines of thoracic vertebrae

  Insertion: adjacent vertebrae
• Spinalis

  Action: Extend vertebral column