MID-LATE CHILD

• Ø  THE BRAIN

  -          Total brain volume stabilizes by the end of late childhood, but significant changes in various structures and regions of the brain continue to occur.
• • -          Synaptic Pruning a process in which areas of the brain that are not being used lose synaptic connections and areas that are used show increased connections.

   
• Ø  EXERCISE

  -          55 minutes or more of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity daily was associated with a lower incidence of deficiency and obesity.

   
• -          Aerobic exercise also is linked to children’s cognitive skills.

   
• Ø  LEARNING DISABILITIES

  -          A child with a learning disability has difficulty in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language, and the difficulty can appear in listening, thinking, reading, writing, and spelling.

   
• -          DYSLEXIA is a category reserved for individuals who have a severe impairment in their ability to read and spell.
• -          DYSCALCULIA also known as developmental arithmetic disorder, is a learning disability that involves difficulty in math computation.
• Ø  ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

  -          is a disability in which children consistently show one or more of the following characteristics over a period of time:
• 1.       INATTENTION - have such difficulty focusing on any one thing that may get bored with a task after only a few minutes or even seconds.
• 1.       HYPERACTIVITY - show high levels of physical activity, seeming to be almost constantly in motion.

   
• 1.       IMPULSIVITY - difficulty curbing their reactions; they do not do a good job thinking before they act.
• Ø  AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS

  -          also called pervasive developmental disorders, range from the severe disorder labeled autistic disorder to the milder disorder called Asperger syndrome.