3

• qualitative analysis - answers the question "what is in a simple"
• qualitative analysis - common experimental method used to identify ions in a mixture
• ions in a mixture - are separated by selective precipitation in qualitative analysis
• qualitative analysis - the addition of properly selected reagent to an aqueous mixture of ions
• group 1A metals

  lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and francium (ha, li, na, k, rb, cs, fr)
• group 1A - lied in s-block as they only have one valence electron
• group 1A metals are ready to lose the valence electron and form cation with charge +1 and achieve stable octet electronic configuration
• group 1A metals are also known as alkali metals
• alkali metals are malleable, ductile, and are good conductors of heat and electricity
• alkali metals - are shiny and soft and can be cut easily with a knife
• alkali metals - never exist as free elements and found naturally only in salts
• alkali metals must be stored under oil to prevent reaction
• alkali metals have similar physical and chemical characteristics
• group 2A metals

  beryllium, magnesium, calcium, barium, and radium (be, mg, ca, ba, ra)
• group 2A metals are often called alkaline-earth metals
• alkaline - reflects the fact that many compounds of these metals are basic/alkaline
• earth - was historically used to describe the fact that many of these compounds are insoluble to water
• most can be predicted from the behavior of alkali metals (group 1)
• alkaline earth metals - tend to lose two electrons to form m2+ ion (be+, mg2+, etc)
• alkaline earth metals - metals are less creative than the neighboring alkali metals
• group 1B metals

  copper, silver, gold (ag, cu, au)
• group 1B metals - are also called coinage or noble
• group 1B metals are classified as d-block or transition metals
• group 1B metals are relatively inert and corrosion-resistant metals, making them suitable for coin production
• group 1B metals are excellent electrical and thermal conductors
• ag - the most electrically conductive metal
• cu - the second most electrically conductive metal
• au - the most stable element
• ag - most thermally conductive and light reflective element
• group 1B metals are soft metals and ineffective as weapons/tools
• group 1B metals are used to make ornaments and jewelry due to malleability
• group 2B metals - zinc group elements
• group 2B metals

  zinc, cadmium, mercury, and copernicium
• group 2B metals have properties in common, but also differ in significant respects
• zinc, cadmium, and copernicium are metals with silvery-white appearance and relatively low melting points and boiling points
• mercury - the only common metal that is liquid room temperature and its boiling point is lower
• group 2B metals are significantly more electropositive than other group and less noble
• minerals known as trace elements/trace metals are minute levels of which are found living tissues
• trace elements function primarily as catalysts in enzyme systems; some metallic ions (iron and copper), participate in oxidation-reduction reactions in energy metabolism