Tcw real 2

• Economic globalization

  • is one of the most powerful forces to have shaped the postwar world according to Nye, Joseph and Donahue, John (2000).
• The two major drivers of economic globalization 1. reduced costs to transportation and communication in the private sector 2. reduced policy barriers to trade and investment on the part of the public sector.
• Szentes (2003) an economist, defines economic globalization as a process making the world economy an “organic system” by extending transnational economic processes and economic relations to more and more countries and by deepening the economic interdependence among them. 
• Elements of States

  • People
  • Territory
  • Government
  • Sovereignty
• Nation

  A group of people who have strong emotional, cultural, and historical ties living within boundaries of one or several linguistic and religious backgrounds
• Napoleon created the Napoleonic Code to protect people's rights and to establish himself as a strong leader
• Institutions that govern international relations

  • United Nations
• Stateless Nation: The Rohingyas
• Nation-State characteristics

  • Coercive authority over specific territories
  • Independent political communities with governments
  • An imagined community
• Peace of Westphalia (1618-1648) established the notion of state as sovereign
• Napoleonic Code of the French Empire forbade birth privileges, promoted freedom of religion, and established meritocracy in government
• Differentiate internationalism from globalism
• The 1804 Napoleonic Code influenced civil law codes across the world, recognizing civil liberty, equality before the law, and the secular character of the state
• Identify the difference between State and the nation
• State

  A community of persons permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government to which the people render obedience, enjoying freedom from external control
• Elements of States

  People, Territory, Government, Sovereignty
• Stateless Nation: The Catalan
• Identify the challenges of global governance in the twenty-first century
• Napoleon created the NATION-STATE because he was looking for a way to be a strong leader
• Scholars like Apparudai and Ohmae claimed that globalization has supplanted the states

  But it has not
• A supranational union is a type of multinational political union where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states
• Globalism seeks to describe and explain more than a world which is characterized by a network of connections that span multi-continental distance
• Globalism seeks to understand all the interconnections of the modern world and to highlight patterns that underlie them
• IGOs were established to facilitate international connections
• EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

  • Seen as imposing a forced choice upon states either they conform to the neo-liberal ideas free-market principles of deregulation, privatization and free trade or run the risk of being left behind
  • Establishment of economic and
  • The growth of international law and universal principles
  • The rise of transnational activism
  • Creation a new communication network
• Globalization has not supplanted the states
• Globalization refers to the increase or decline of the degree of globalism
• States are accountable to a host of international norms and standards, find themselves in subordinate positions to protect their economy and face a new kind of pressures of supranational integration and focus of local fragmentation (Schattle, 2014)
• NATION-STATE


  • Coercive authority over specific territories (Max Weber)
  • Independent political communities with governments (Hedley Bull)
  • An imagined political community (Benedict Anderson)
• Globalization refers to the dynamic shrinking of world-space and world-time
• IGOs

  Their aim is to bind nation-states and to create strong economic, political, cultural, educational, and technical relationships
• IGOs

  • The United Nations
  • The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
  • The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
  • Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
• Globalization

  • Globalism
• Globalization seeks to know the basic network
• Globalism focuses on the forces, dynamism, and the speed of changes