infection control

• Infection – happens when a microorganism invades the body, multiplies, and causes injury or disease

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• Pathogen – a disease-causing microbe
• Infectious Agent

  This is the microorganism (germ or bug) that can cause harmful infections and make you ill.
• Reservoir- This is where the germ lives and grows.
• Portal of exit/Way out

  -The germ then needs to find a way out of the infected person

  so it can soread
• Mode of transmission

  -Once the germ is out it can spread from one person to another
• Portal of entry/Way in

  -The germ then needs to find a way into another person.
• Susceptible host- This is the person who is at risk of infection because they are unable to fight the infection.
• 15 seconds time of washing hands
• donning of ppe (1) lab gown (2)face mask (3) gloves
• doffing of ppe (1) gloves (2) lab gown (3) mask
• Caused by needlestick or any sharp objects

  • Carefully remove the sharp or foreign object.
  • Wash the site thoroughly with soap and water for at least 30 seconds.
• Through mucous membranes

  • Flush with water or normal saline for at least 10 minutes.
• Biohazard – any material that could be harmful to one’s health
• Biosafety – used to prevent and protect clinical laboratories from harmful incidents
• airborne- from splashes and aerosols during centrifuge
• • Ingestion – hands are not sanitized before handling food
• Non-intact Skin – contamination through breaks or cuts in the skin
• Percutaneous – exposure through the skin due to injuries from needlesticks and other sharp objects
• Permucosal – infection through mucous membranes of the mouth and nose and the conjunctiva of the eyes
• CLASS A fires involve common combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, trash and plastics.
• CLASS B fires involve flammable liquids, solvents, oil, gasoline, paints, lacquers and other oil-based products.
• CLASS C fires involve energized electrical equipment such as wiring, controls, motors, machinery or appliances.
• CLASS D fires involve combustible metals such as magnesium, lithium and titanium.
• CLASS K fires involve combustible cooking media such as oils and grease commonly found in commercial kitchens.
• shock- Condition when there is not enough blood that circulates back to the heart, resulting in an inadequate supply of oxygen in the body
• First-Aid Procedure for Shock

  1. Keep the airway open.

  2. Call for medical assistance.

  3. Keep the patient lying down.

  4. Control any bleeding or other cause of shock,

  5. Keep the patient warm.