English 10 - 3rd Quarter

• Stream of consciousness is a narrative technique in which the thoughts of the character are exposed in an uninterrupted flow or without conventional transitions.
• Stream of consciousness

  -shows a character's mind at work

  -the thoughts, reflections, or sensations of the character are presented in a manner that the readers seem ti think along with the character

  -is common in the works of James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and William Faulkner
• Types of Imagery:

  -Visual: sight

  -Auditory: hearing

  -Tactile: touch

  -Gustatory: taste

  -Olfactory: smell
• Writers use imagery to vividly describe the mood, setting, characters, and other elements of a literary piece.
• The opening remarks set the tone of the entire event and seek to engage the audience to enjoy the whole affair.
• An opening remark's primary purpose is to introduce the main topic. It should include detailed explanations. It should have a neutral and formal tone.
• Closing remarks are the last words that the audience will hear on an occasion. They highlight the important parts of the event to make the audience look forward to the next occasion.
• Closing remarks aim to leave a lasting impression. It should summarize key points and main message. It allows us to express our gratitude. It should have an appreciative and reflective tone.
• An antecedent is a noun being referred to by a pronoun.
• Pronouns must agree with its anticident in terms of number, person, and gender.
• Coherence refers to the logical organization of ideas and arguments. It ensures that the readers can follow the writer's train of thought.
• Symbolism is the use of objects, persons, or events to stand for something else.
• Symbolism aims to provide a deeper more significant meaning.
• The symbol's literal meaning is different from what is being represented.
• Introducing a guest speaker is important because it allows the audience to learn from someone who has experience in the field.
• Organizing and planning are two important skills you need to develop when engaging in research.
• Adjective clause or relative clause is a clause that modifies a noun or pronoun. It is introduced by a relative pronoun.
• What are relative pronouns?

  who, which, that, whose, whom
• Documentation is a formal act of acknowledging the sources you used in your paper.
• MLA and APA are the two most commonly used documentation styles for different disciplines.
• APA stands for American Psychological Association. It is the most widely used style of writing in the social sciences.
• MLA stands for Modern Language Association. It is a style of writing that is used in academic writing (English and humanities).
• Parenthetical References

  • MLA lists references within the text with the author's last name and the page number where the text is found. It doesn't use comma.
  • APA lists the author's last name, the year the work is published, as well as the page number where the text is found.
• Personification is a figure of speech in which human characteristics are attributed to objects, animals, concepts or ideas.
• Verbal analogy is the comparison of two things based on their logical relationship.
• A research outline is an orderly plan that shows the information which will be incorporated in a research paper. It serves as a researcher's guide in writing the actual paper.
• Outline Formats

  • Alphanumeric outline: Letters and numbers
  • Decimal outline: Whole numbers and decimals
• Modification is the process by which a word or phrase changes the meaning when other words are added to or combined to it.
• A reaction paper is a personal composition that is written as a critical response to the content of something viewed, read, or heard.
• Conflict is the central problem in a literary text because it represents the differing views of characters.
• Conflict can be internal (within the protagonist) or external (caused by outside forces).
• Derivation is the process of forming a new word from an existing word using an affix.
• Affix can be placed in the beginning (prefix) or at the end of the word (suffix).
• Types of Outlines:

  • Scratch Outline - is the least formal type of outline because it is merely a rough list of a researcher's preliminary ideas.
  • Topic Outline - more formal than scratch outline since it is more detailed and are presented using key words and phrases.
  • Sentence Outline - most formal type of outline since it uses complete sentences.
• A prepositional phrase is a group of related words that starts with a preposition. If a prepositional phrase modifies a noun, it is an adjectival phrase.

  An adjective phrase is a group of words that functions as an adjective in a sentence, providing more information about a noun or pronoun. When an adjective phrase is located within a prepositional phrase, it often serves to further describe the object of the preposition.
• Different Approaches used in Critiques:

  • Formalist Approach
  • Feminist Approach
  • Marxist Approach
  • Historical Approach
  • Moralist Approach