SPANISH

• According to Eloisa Hernandez, Spanish Colonizers arrived in the Philippines in 1521
• Spaniards colonized Philippines in 377 years
• • The art forms from that period are referred to stylistically and culturally as religious art, lowland Christian, or folk art.
  • Art that flourished during the Spanish colonial period conformed to the demands of the church and the colonial state
• The church established its importance in people’s lives through its imposing scale and overall visual appeal.
• During this period, cruciform churches following the shape of the Latin Cross were built.

  • Churches were built after the shape of the Latin cross
• BAROQUE Style

  • was predominantly employed during that in order to keep Hispanic designs.
  • It shows grandeur and surprise to achieve a sense of awe
  • extravagant decorations/style
• Baroque Style Churches

  • San Agustin Church in Manila
  • Morong Church in Rizal
  • Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte - highlighted by the enormous buttresses on the sides and back of the building
  • Sto. Thomas de Villanueva Church in Miag-ao, Iloilo - Surrounded by reliefs having tropical motifs like palm fronds and papaya trees.
• A fusion of both native and European elements ─ tropical baroque
• Baroque Style Saints

  • Images of saints and interpretations of biblical narratives were considered essential to worship. Under the strict watch and patronage of the church, images were produced through painting, sculpting and engraving.
• During 17th century, Chinese Artisans were engaged in making icons or santos in wood and ivory. Their involvement resulted in works that drew upon Chinese features and techniques. An example is a painting of Nuestra Señora del Rosario Inspired by Kuanyin, deity of Mercy in East Asian Buddhism in Bohol.
• In colonial churches, santos are displayed in a decorative altar niche called the RETABLO.
• The VIA CRUCIS (Way of the cross) a series of 14 paintings or relief sculptures depicting Christ’s crucifixion and resurrection.
• Taal Basilica in Batangas and St. James the Apostle Parish in Betis, Pampanga, has its Trompe I'oeil ceilings and walls (Images of Virgin Mary, evangelists and the Holy Family)
• trompe l’oeil means

  • ”fooling the eye or Trick of the eye"
  • the technique of using realistic imagery to create an optical illusion
• Church altars are sometimes decorated with relleves (carved images in relief) or with Plateria (hammered silver designs found in altars & carroza.)
• Spanish colonizers brought musical instruments like the pipe organ, the violin, the guitar, and the piano.
• Catholic liturgical was introduced in 1742, Juan Rodriguez Angel, Archbishop of Manila, established a singing school at the Manila Cathedral that taught Western church music.
• PASYON/PABASA

  ➢ An epic poem

  ➢ popular during Holy Week

  • Is the biblical narration of Christ
  • Outside of Manila, a musical form based on the Catholic faith would emerge
• AWIT and CORRIDO

  • were musical forms that were chanted stories based on European literature and history and were popular even among the peasantry who learned the verses purely by rote.
• KUNDIMAN and BALITAO were sentimental love songs and lullabies.