soul body and mind

• Dualism


  suggests there is two essential parts to a person : the body and the mind and they are distinctively different (e.g the soul lives on)
• substance dualism


  body and soul are separate substances (physical=the body) (non-physical=the soul) physical and spiritual

  -these are often absolute dualists
• property dualism

  one substance but two different properties (physical and mental)

  -these can be materialist
• psyche


  mind/soul
• materialism


  only physical matter exists including the mind and consciousness (are made of it)
• monism


  only one fundamental principle or substance in existence (materialism is a type of monism)
• reductionism

  methodological approach to reduce complex things to be simpler components to explain things
• behaviourism

  psychological theory focused on observable behaviours. they can be understood and predicted by studying response to environments