Chemistry

• • Chemistry is the study of properties, structure and composition of matter and the changes matter undergoes.
  • A chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry.
• BRANCHES OF CHEMISTRY

  • physical chemistry
  • Analytical chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Organic chemistry
  • Inorganic chemistry

  There are 5 main branches of chemistry.
• MATTER

  • Matter - is anything that has mass and occupies space.
  • Mass - is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance.
  • Volume - is the space occupied by a substance.
  • Weight - is a product of mass and gravitational force.
  • A pure substance - is one that consists of only one type of matter.
  • A mixture - consists of two or more substances mixed together and in which the individual components forming the mixture retain their physical and chemical properties.
• PHYSICAL MEANS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES.

  • Winnowing
  • Sieving
  • Filtering
  • Evaporation
  • Decanting
  • Use of magnets
• • conductors - substances that allow electricity to flow easily through them, such as copper.
  • Non-conductors - substances which don't allow electricity to flow through them.
• DRUGS

  • A drug - any substance which when take into the body that alters its normal functioning.
  • Medicine - drugs used to treat diseases in human beings and other animals.
  • Doses - medicine administered by qualified medical officers in specific amounts.
  • Prescription - the instructions written by qualified medical officer giving the type of drugs and the drugs should be used.
  • Drug abuse - the use of a drug for a purpose other than what it is meant for.
  • Use of overdose or under dose of prescribed drugs constitutes drug abuse.
• THE ROLE OF CHEMISTRY IN SOCIETY

  • washing
  • cleaning with soap
  • baking,
  • medicine

  
  

  CAREERS IN CHEMISTRY

  • chemical engineering
  • researcher scientist
  • forensic scientist
• States of Matter:

  • Solid: particles are closely packed, has a definite shape, volume, and high density
  • Liquid: particles have some freedom, takes the shape of the container, has a definite volume
  • Gas: particles are free, takes the shape of the container, no definite volume
• RULES OF THE LABORATORY

  • Do not eat or drink in the lab.
  • Do not play in the lab.
  • Wear correct lab gear
  • Do not put lab apparatus on the edge of a table
  • turn off unused flames
  • Do not drink chemicals.
• • Used to measure accurate volume.

  
• Apparatus used

  
• APPARATUS USED IN THE LAB