intro philo reviewer

• Philosophy is the knowledge of all things through their ultimate causes, acquired through the use of reason
• Material Object of Philosophy: Philosophy studies all things, thus all aspects of reality can be the object of a philosophical study
• Formal Object of Philosophy: Philosophy seeks the deepest explanations regarding the existence and nature of beings through their ultimate causes
• Natural Scope of Philosophy: Philosophy seeks the ultimate explanations that can be arrived at by applying reasoning to facts supplied by experience
• Branches of Philosophy include:

  • Epistemology: studies the nature of knowledge and the rationality of belief, the means of production of knowledge
  • Metaphysics: studies and asks questions about the essence and existence of a being
  • Logic: concerned with "reasoning" or truth
• Endocrine glands include the pituitary gland (located at the base of the brain), thyroid gland (in the neck), parathyroid glands (also located in the neck), adrenal glands (on top of the kidneys), pancreas (behind the stomach), ovaries (female sex organs) and testes (male sex organs).