water and carbon case studies

• What is the annual rainfall in the Amazon

  2,300 mm
• What rainfall do some areas of the Amazon exceed?

  6,000mm per year
• What percent of precip is returned to the atmosphere through evapotranspirstion in the Amazon?

  50-60%
• What is Amazons river discharge

  175,000 m3/s
• What is river dishcarge measured in

  Cummecs - m3/s
• How much water is stored in the Amazon

  70%
• How many billion tonnes of carbon does the Amazon store

  100 billion tonnes
• How many billion tonnes of carbon does the Amazon absorb and sequester?

  2.2 billion tonnes
• How much has deforestation reduced the amount that the Amazon can sequester since the 1990s

  30%
• What percent of carbon is stored in the Amazons soils

  40%
• The Amazon has lost 17% of rainforest cover since 1970
• Cattle ranching accounts for 80% of deforestation in Amazon
• How much percent has rainfall declined in deforested areas of the Amazon?

  20%
• How many billion tonnes of carbon are being released from the Amazon annually

  1.5 billion tonnes
• Scientists predict that by 2030 some areas of the Amazon will emit more carbon than they absorb and become a net carbon source
• What is the REDD+ UN initiative

  Protects 98 million hectares of the rainforest
• How much has been spent on reforestation in the Amazon

  $1.3 billion
• What does the Brazil Forest Code require

  Landowners must keep 80% of the forest intact
• Renewable energy in the Amazon

  83% of electricity comes from renewables
• Peru irrigation has reduced water usage by what percent

  40%
• How many tourists does the Amazon get per year

  10,000
• How many jobs does ecotourism in the Amazon support

  1500+
• Where is the River Eden Located

  The North West of England
• Where is the source of the River Eden

  The Pennines
• Where is the mouth of the River Eden

  Solway Firth
• What is annual rainfall in the River Eden

  3,000mm-800mm
• What is rainfall like in Cumbria

  1,200mm/year
• What are the rocks like in the Eden basin

  Impermeable, Igneous and Volcanic
• Is the Eden basin steep or gentle

  Steep
• What is Carsliles Population

  108,000
• How many homes have been flooded in Carslile

  2,700
• When did Storm Desmond hit

  December 2015
• How much rainfall did Stork Desmond cause

  341.4mm in just 24 hours
• What did peak discharge exceed after storm Desmond hit

  1,500 m3/s
• How many homes were flooded from storm desmond

  5,200
• How much in damages did storm Desmond cause

  £500 million
• At what percent did soil erosion increase up,and after storm Desmond

  20%
• How much was invested in flood defences at river Eden

  £72 million
• How many trees were planted by Eden Rivers Trust

  120,000
• How early in advance to flood warning systems go off in the River Eden Valley

  Up to 48 hours