Condensation and hydrolysis reactions

• What is a condensation reaction?

  Combination with water loss
• In a condensation reaction, monomers combine to form a larger molecule called a polymer
• Match the biological molecule with its condensation reaction example:

  Proteins ↔️ Amino acids forming peptides

  Polysaccharides ↔️ Monosaccharides forming starch

  Lipids ↔️ Fatty acids and glycerol combining
• Condensation reactions are crucial for forming proteins and polysaccharides.
• What is a hydrolysis reaction?

  Polymer breakdown with water addition
• During hydrolysis, water molecules split and react with the polymer to break the chemical bonds
• Match the hydrolysis reaction with its role in organisms:

  Digestion of starch ↔️ Provides energy

  Breaking down proteins ↔️ Supplies building blocks for new proteins

  Degrading lipids ↔️ Used for energy and cell structure
• The hydrolysis of starch releases glucose molecules.
• What is the key difference between condensation and hydrolysis reactions?

  Water loss vs. water gain
• Hydrolases are enzymes that break polymers into monomers using water
• Arrange the steps in protein synthesis through condensation reactions:

  1️⃣ Amino acids combine

  2️⃣ Water molecule is released

  3️⃣ Peptide bond is formed

  4️⃣ Protein structure is built
• Water plays an opposite role in condensation and hydrolysis reactions.