conte prelims

• Bauman(2003) -globalization as the most important
• Albrow(1996) -reality and omnipresence of globalization make us part of the global age
• Globalization -encompasses a multitude of processes that involves economy, political systems, and culture
• Thomas Larsson(2001) -The process of world shrinkage
• Martin Khor(mid-1990s) - ]former president of Third World Network(TWN) in Malaysia, Globalization is Colonization
• Different definitions of globalization: Broad and Inclusive, Narrow and Exclusive.
• Ohmae(1992) -the onset of a borderless world
• Robert Cox -the globalization trend include the internationalizing of production
• Ritzer(2015) -globalization is a transplanetary process or a set of processes
• Arjun Appadurai(1996) -definitions suggest the perspective of the author
• Cesare Poppi (1997) -Globalization is the debate and the debate is the globalization
• Metaphors of globalization: Solidity and Liquidity
• Solidity -prevent/make difficult the movement of things, natural or man-made; has the tendency to melt
• Liquidity -ease of movement of people, things, information; difficult to stop
• Flows -movement of people, things, places, and information by the growing porosity of global limitations
• Globalization Theories: Homogeneity and Heterogeneity
• Homogeneity- increasing sameness in the world; in culture is often linked to cultural imperialism
• Heterogeneity -creation of various cultural practices, new economies, and political groups
• Global Flow of Media- often characterized as media imperialism
• Glocalization -global forces interact with local factors
• Roland Robertson(1992) -coined the term Glocalization
• Dynamics of Global and Local Culture: Cultural Differentialism, Cultural Hybridization, Cultural Convergence
• Cultural Differentialism -emphasizes that cultures are essentially different; interaction of culture has potential for catastrophic collision
• Cultural Hybridization -Integration of local and global cultures or glocalization
• Cultural Convergence -stresses homogeneity introduced by globalization. cultures are radically altered by strong flows
• Deterritorialization (John Tomlinson) -it is much more difficult to tie culture to a specific geographic point of origin
• Globalization -process of expanding various sociocultural, socioecological processes
• Global Connected Index(GCI) -measurement of flows and interconnections
• Netherlands -most globally connected country
• Europe -most globally connected continent
• Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam - most globally connected countries in Southeast Asia
• Vandermoortle(2003) -globalization could reduce poverty, it does not benefit all nations
• Development Paradigms -prescribed path to attain development
• Flows in the age of globalization: Trading, Capital movement, Movement of people
• Trading -Economic exchanges
• Capital movement -capital flows in poor countries
• Movement of people -migrating people
• Cultural Globalization -contact between people and their culture their ideas, their values, their ways of life
• Political Globalization -enlargement of political system and its establishment
• Concretional politics -happens within national political spheres