DNA Genes and Chromosomes

• Eukaryotic

  Linear DNA existing as chromosomes

  DNA wound around histones

  - So it fits in the nucleus

  - Helps support DNA
• Prokaryotes

  DNA molecules shorter and circular

  Condenses by super coiling
• Genome

  Complete set of genes in the cell
• Proteome

  Full range of proteins the cell is able to make
• Introns

  Don't code for proteins
• Prokaryotes don't have introns
• Alleles

  Different form of a gene

  Order of bases slightly different
• Homologous pairs

  Matching chromosomes

  Same gene, different alleles
• Locus

  Fixed position alles that code for the same characteristic exist in
• Gene


  A sequence of DNA bases that codes for a polypeptide