Metals

• What is the cation color for Li+?

  Red
• What is the cation color for Na+?

  Yellow
• What is the cation color for K+?

  Pale lilac
• What is the cation color for Ca2+?

  Brick red
• What is the cation color for Cu2+?

  Blue green
• What is the cation color for Ba2+?

  Pale green
• How to do a Flame test?

  • use a nichrome wire
  • Dip it in HCL to make it sticky and so that chloride salts are more volatile
  • Put in bunsen flame (non-luminous) blue
  • Dip back into acid
  • Dip into dry solid sample
  • Put back in flame
  • Observe the colour
• Fe 3+ makes an orange brown precipitate
• Fe 2+ makes a green precipitate
• Halide ions

  potassium chloride + silver nitrate = white precipitate

  
  

  KBr + AgNO3 = cream precipitate

  KI + AgNO3 = yellow precipitate

  
  

  sodium sulphate + barium chloride = white precipitate