ITE 28 (Prelim Part 1)

• General Inquiry: It's about exploring things you're curious about or don't understand.
• Academic Exploration: Going a step further to uncover new insights and knowledge that's unknown in the scholarly world.
• Knowledge Advancement: Pushing the limits of what's known, expanding the horizon of understanding.
• Knowledge vs. Truth: Acknowledging that what we learn is based on current truths, which can evolve over time.
• Structured Process: Following a systematic path, often through the scientific method, to ensure thorough and valid findings.
• PhD: mentor
• PhD: interprets findings
• MS: Creates a research prototype
• BS: Creates specific applications to be tested
• The image categorizes research methods into three types:

  Analytic for Computer Science (CS), which likely involves critical evaluation
• The image categorizes research methods into three types:

  Quantitative for CS and IT, which deals with numerical data
• The image categorizes research methods into three types:

  Qualitative for Information Systems (IS), focusing on non-numerical data
• Superstitions and Intuition: Sometimes, people believe in things without evidence, relying on old sayings or just a 'gut feeling'.
• Sensory Experience: This is when we learn by using our senses. For example, knowing that the fire is hot because we've felt it.
• Agreement with Others: Sometimes we consider something to be true because everyone around us believes it's true.
• Expert Opinion: We often rely on people who are specialists in their fields to provide us with accurate information.
• Logic: This is the process of reasoning where we use systematic thinking to reach a conclusion.
• Authority: This refers to accepting information as true because it comes from someone in a position of power or respect.
• Tenacity: This is when we stick to our beliefs, even when faced with new evidence that contradicts them.
• Empiricism: This method involves learning from direct experience or observation, often through experimentation.
• The Scientific Method: It's a structured approach to research and discovery that involves making hypotheses, conducting experiments, observing results, and drawing conclusions.
• Scientists – are people who know a lot
• Science - suggests a tremendous body of knowledge
• Scientific method involves the testing of ideas in the public arena
• What we are dealing with are only guesses or hunches, or as scientists would say, hypothesis
• Such investigations do not constitute science unless they are made public!
• What we must do: put each of these guesses to a rigorous test to see if they hold up under more controlled conditions
• This means that all aspects of the investigation are described in sufficient detail that the study can be repeated by any one who questions the results
• Scientific Method requires an attitude of skepticism
• A skeptic is a person who questions the validity, authenticity, or truth of something purportedly factual
• Being a skeptic means that you do not blindly accept any idea coming down
• Hypothesis is a limited statement regarding cause and effect in specific situations
• Hypothesis refers to our state of knowledge before experimental work has been performed and perhaps even before new phenomena have

  been predicted.
• A model is reserved for situations when it is known that the hypothesis has at least limited validity.
• A theory is a robust explanation for a set of verified, repeatable facts.
• A law is based on empirical evidence from repeated experiments or observations and explains what happens under certain conditions, but not why it happens.
• External Reality – there is a “universe,” a reality does not depend on our existence
• Order – the universe is an ordered system that can be investigated
• Reliability – our observations are correct because we can rely on our senses
• Parsimony – the simpler the explanation, the better